Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What are the assumptions of the cognitive approach?
Answer: 1. Thoughts and other mental processes cause behaviour. 2. Internal mental processes should be studied scientifically.
2.
How do cognitive psychologists study internal mental processes scientifically?
Answer: 1. Use carefully controlled lab experiments, e.g. memory experiments 2. Measure outward behaviour performed by participants on a given task 3. Make inferences about what is going on inside people\'s heads on the basis of their behaviour. 4. Ask people what they think - self report measures - questionnaires and interviews.
3.
What is an inference?
Answer: The process whereby cognitive psychologists draw conclusions about the way mental processes operate on the basis of observed behaviour.
4.
What are theoretical models?
Answer: Theoretical models are often represented as a diagram that include boxes and arrows that show the stages of a particular mental process.
5.
How do theoretical models explain mental processes?
Answer: Theoretical models are used by cognitive psychologists to explain unobservable processes in a concrete testable way. They are often represented as a diagram that include boxes and arrows that show the stages of a particular mental process.
6.
How do computer models explain how humans process information?
Answer: Computer models are used as an analogy to explain how humans process information ( cognition). The Human - Computer Analogy ( HCA) states that the human mind works in a similar way to which computers process information. The brain is seen as the central process for example. The HCA states that both ( computer models and the human mind) both have input, both encode ( turn info into a usable format) and store info and both have an output.
7.
What is schema?
Answer: Packages of information developed through experience. They act as a \'mental\' framework for the interpretation of incoming information received by the cognitive system.
8.
Why might schema be useful when processing information from the world around us?
Answer: Schema helps us to predict what will happen in our world based on experiences. . Schema also helps us to process vast amounts of information rapidly and stops us from becoming overwhelmed by environmental stimuli.
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