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Summary in question and answer form - Infectious diseases and Oncology (WBFA048-05)
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Class notes None (Pharma101) Basic & Clinical Pharmacology
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Samenvatting Medicine Group- infectious diseases and oncology (WBFA041-05)
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Infectious diseases & oncology minor Pharmacy year 3 period 1bBook : Basic & clinical pharmacology (ed. 14) as an e-book on university library
At Aletta Jacobs hall. 40 MC need 27 correct to pass.
Lecture 1: Introduction - Prof Quax
Are infectious diseases and tumors related to each other?
Infectious diseases: deals with pathogens that penetrate the body such as bacteria and parasites.
Tumors: originate when cell start to divide uncontrolled, might kill other cells and give lesions.
Seem very different, however:
- Rous Sarcoma virus causes sarcomas. So a virus that causes a tumor. Due to mutations in Src
kinase – stimulates cell growth/division when activated.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV): infections skin and mucous membranes that can result in cell
division. Usually benign (warts) but in some cases it causes cancer such as cervical cancer.
Depending on the specie of HPV. -> vaccinations in girls.
- Helicobacter pylori: bacteria that causes infections in stomach and intestine. Implicated in
stomach cancer. Bacteria can survive the stomach (low pH), makes ammonia that gives
neutralization of the stomach acid.
Thus relationship between ID and tumors.
How is the common denominator for producing medicine?
Medicines focus on targets that are unique to infectious/disease cell. Save normal healthy cell.
How is the corona virus?
- Has RNA molecule with the genetic information
- Spike glycoprotein = used to attach to human cells – used for vaccine development
- Affecting mainly the long cells
- Infection through air
Already before knew that disease as a consequence of rotting organic material such a polluted water,
poisoned air & bad hygiene. No physical contact needed. Didn’t know yet what was in the rotting
organic material.
Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur and Koch found contagionist: there is a germ that starts a disease – germ
theory
What is the germ theory: Kochs postulates?
- Microbe must be found in abundance in all organisms suffering from the disease, but should
not be found in healthy organisms
- Microbe must be isolated from a disease organism and grown in pure culture
- Cultures microbe should cause disease when introduces into a healthy organism
- Microbes must be reisolated from the inoculated diseased experimental host ad identified as
being identical to the original specific causing agent.
Viruses found later and do not follow Kochs postulates as they do not survive without a
host. Same for non-culturables & prions = protein that are infectious, such as mad cow
disease.
Normal flora provides natural protection
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