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Samenvatting Sociologie voor de praktijk begrippen! 2023
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Sociologie voor de praktijkBron: Hoeksema en van der Werf
1
,Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding.........................................................................................................................5
1.1 Sociologie..................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Sociale functies.........................................................................................................................5
1.3 en 4...........................................................................................................................................5
Deel 1:....................................................................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: Socialisatie.....................................................................................................................6
2.2 Socialisatie................................................................................................................................6
2.3 Waarden...................................................................................................................................6
2.4 Normen.....................................................................................................................................6
2.5 Bewust en niet-bewust gedrag.................................................................................................6
2.6 Rollen en rollenconflicten.........................................................................................................7
2.7 Kritiek op rolbegrip...................................................................................................................7
2.8 Institutionalisering....................................................................................................................7
2.9 Sociale controle........................................................................................................................7
2.10 Normen handhaven en overschrijden....................................................................................8
Hoofdstuk 3: Cultuur..........................................................................................................................9
3.1 en 2 Wat is cultuur....................................................................................................................9
3.3 Cultureel kapitaal......................................................................................................................9
3.4 Cultuur is minder vanzelfsprekend dan het lijkt.....................................................................10
3.5 Verschil tussen culturen..........................................................................................................11
3.6 Onderscheid maken................................................................................................................11
3.7 Subculturen............................................................................................................................12
3.8 Referentiekader......................................................................................................................12
Hoofdstuk 4: Sociologische benaderingen en betekenisgeving........................................................14
4.2 Functionalisme........................................................................................................................14
4.3 Conflictsociologie....................................................................................................................14
4.4 Structuralisme.........................................................................................................................14
4.5 Sociale-uitwisselingstheorie en de rationelekeuzetheorie.....................................................14
4.6 Symbolisch interactionisme....................................................................................................15
Deel 2: Structuur en sociale ongelijkheid.............................................................................................16
Hoofdstuk 5: Sociale verbanden.......................................................................................................16
5.2 Groeperingen..........................................................................................................................16
5.3 Andere kenmerken van groeperingen....................................................................................16
5.4 Formele organisaties..............................................................................................................16
2
, 5.3 Netwerk en posities................................................................................................................17
5.6 en 7 Structuurkenmerken.......................................................................................................17
5.8 Samenhang in de samenleving: Functionalisme.....................................................................18
5.8 Spanningen in de samenleving...............................................................................................18
Hoofdstuk 6: Sociale ongelijkheid.....................................................................................................19
6.2 Sociale ongelijkheid................................................................................................................19
6.3 Standen en Klassen.................................................................................................................19
6.4 Stratificatie.............................................................................................................................20
6.5 Sociale mobiliteit....................................................................................................................20
6.6 Inkomensverdeling.................................................................................................................21
6.7 Enkele effecten van sociaaleconomische ongelijkheid...........................................................21
6.8 Sociale ongelijkheid tussen vrouw en man.............................................................................22
6.9 Sociale ongelijkheid en leeftijd...............................................................................................22
6.10 Sociale ongelijkheid en etnische groepen.............................................................................22
6.11 en 6.12 Samenhang tussen ongelijkheden en Onderwijs en de reproductie van sociale
ongelijkheid..................................................................................................................................22
6.13 Verklaringen voor sociale ongelijkheid op het gebied van onderwijskansen........................23
Hoofdstuk 7: Sociaal bewustzijn en identiteit...................................................................................24
7.2 Voorbeeldsituaties: De invloed van het sociaal bewustzijn:...................................................24
7.3 Symbolisch interactionisme....................................................................................................24
7.4 Verwachtingen en voorspellingen..........................................................................................24
7.5 Blaming the victim..................................................................................................................25
7.6 Manifeste en latente verklaring..............................................................................................25
7.7 Afleiders en compensatie bij sociaal bewustzijn.....................................................................25
7.8 Ideologie.................................................................................................................................26
Deel 3: Sociale verandering en conflict.................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 8: Sociale verandering.....................................................................................................27
8.2 De gemeenschap....................................................................................................................27
8.3 Mediterrane dorpsgemeenschap...........................................................................................27
8.4 Ontwikkelingen binnen de gemeenschap...............................................................................27
8.5 Industriële tijdperk.................................................................................................................28
8.6 Golfbeweging..........................................................................................................................28
8.7 Oorzaken van verandering......................................................................................................28
8.8 Vooruitgang of aantasting van bestaande waarden, kansen en risico’s.................................29
8.9 Individualisering, integratie en vervreemding........................................................................29
Hoofdstuk 9: Sociale beweging in organisatie..................................................................................30
3
, 9.2 Franse revolutie: Een eigen arbeidsidentiteit.........................................................................30
9.3 Zelfstandige visie op de toekomst..........................................................................................30
9.4 Zelfstandige machtsvorming...................................................................................................30
9.5 1900 – 1940:Erkende positie in de maatschappij...................................................................30
9.6 Integratie in de institutionele orde.........................................................................................31
9.7 Verschuivende machtsverhoudingen......................................................................................31
9.8 Proces van actie en reactie.....................................................................................................32
9.9 Maatschappelijke tegenstellingen en macht..........................................................................32
Hoofdstuk 10: Rechtvaardigheid, conflicten en emancipatie...........................................................33
10.2 Geschiedenis van het denken over rechtvaardigheid...........................................................33
10.3 Hedendaagse invulling van het rechtvaardigheidsbegrip.....................................................33
10.4 Achterstelling en marginalisering.........................................................................................34
10.5 Minoriteiten en dominanten................................................................................................35
10.6 De ontwikkeling van emancipatiebeweging..........................................................................35
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