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Summary OCR A level Classics: Virgil, Aeneid COMPLETE
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Summary study book The Aeneid of Virgil - ISBN: 9780140449327 (C OME BACK TO)
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Book 8 & 9 of the Aeneid (A Level OCR Classical Civilisation Notes)
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ContentsKey Pg 02
Storm and Banquet Pg 03
The Fall of Troy Pg 07
The Wanderings Pg 13
Dido Pg 14
Funeral Games Pg 20
The Underworld Pg 21
War in Latium Pg 25
Aeneas in Rome Pg 29
Nisus and Euryalus Pg 32
Pallas and Mezentius Pg 37
Drances and Camilla Pg 42
Truce and Duel Pg 47
1
, Key
Themes
Fate and destiny
Immortals
Family and friendship
Relationships between men and women
Relationships between children and parents
Part played by women
Portrayal of war
Portrayal of different nations Trojans
Greeks
Carthaginians
Italians
Characters
- Major:
o Aeneas Dido Ascanius Anchises Creusa
- Minor
o Sinon
- Gods
o Juno (Hera) Venus (Aphrodite) Jupiter (Zeus) Neptune (Poseidon)
o Mercury (Hermes) Aeolus (Wind god) Cupid Diana (Artemis)
2
, Book 1, Storm and Banquet
General Direct quote Explanation
Invocation to the muse I sing of arms and of the man [CL]
Can there be so much anger in the
hearts of the heavenly gods
Why Juno was angry Juno loved Carthage, been prophesised that the people of Troy would
come to overthrow it [CL] & the judgement of Paris & Ganymede
Juno irritated that the fates Am I to admit defeat / Yet Pallas Suggests a hierarchy and jealousy to the gods
don’t agree with her Athene could fire the fleet and
drown my own Argives
Will there be no one in the future
to pray to me
Visit to Aeolus She shall spend all her years with Women are bargaining chips for her to get what she wants – she is the
you god of marriage [CL]
Trojans terrified; ships begin to sink
Sinking of the ship Groaning… he cried Laments that he couldn’t have died under the hands of Diomedes (e.g.),
first appearance of Aeneas – he is not the typical hero – suggestion that
he could die a death w/o kleos
Italians knew it as the Altars Familiarity for the audience, they know the place where the men are
dying, perhaps allows them to relate? Aeneas feels less removed
Neptune angry that Juno had Perhaps a comparison to the clever tactics of Athena in Odyssey
interfered He has clear, and complete, control of the sea, this is under his
jurisdiction alone [CL]
Neptune restores the seas As when disorder arises among [CL] w civil war and the godlike status that is conferred to Augustus
the people of a great city and the
common mob runs riot
Goodness and his services to the
state, they fall silent
Arrival in Libya Achates struck a spark Perhaps relation to the Greek practice of creating new poleis, links to
the role Aeneas will go on to play
3
, Aeneas climbed a tree to get a Shows he is the leader of his people. Then kills deer immediately after
view – has skill and his role as leader is justified [CL]
Aeneas comforts his men My friends [CL] princeps
Been to Scylla’s cave / cyclops Comparison and contrast with Odysseus – this aims to be better
Kingdom of Troy shall rise again There is a clear destiny for the Trojans – know that they are divinely
blessed
Kept his misery deep in his heart Roman stoicism (virtus / & puts the will of the people above his own
thoughts and beliefs
Funeral feast Aeneas, who loved his men Reminiscent of a Homeric epithet, shows Aeneas to be a compassionate
leader [CL]
Venus laments to Jupiter There would come leaders of men Similarities to Augustan propaganda [CL], again enforces the idea of
who would hold power over land destiny with Aeneas, he will have something great
and sea
We are betrayed and kept far Pius Aeneas – one of his main epithets, he is dedicated to the gods and
away from the shores of Italy… therefore there should be some element of quid pro quo – cruel that he
reward for piety and obedience? has not received anything in return
Jupiter consoles her You will take great-hearted Aeneas’ deification, [CL] to Julius Caesar’s deification in 42 BCE,
Aeneas up to the stars of heaven suggests it is expected tradition
Jupiter tells of the future of I have given an empire that will Imperator sine fine [CL]
Aeneas’ dynasty know no end
Cherishing the people of Rome Almost explicit propaganda, stating that Juno will stop being angry
The dread Gates of War… will Augustus will finish the prophecy, invokes imagery of the Pax Romana
then be closed
Venus came to meet him, Aeneas almost immediately recognises her to be divine, but cannot
dressed like a Spartan girl place which one.
Venus tells the story of Dido, (the woman led the whole Perhaps already labels Dido to be problematic, she is no longer a univir
whose husband had been killed undertaking) and so maybe can’t be trusted. She sees her husband in a dream and he
by his brother tells her to escape, find ancient treasure, and start a new city
Aeneas tells his story The doors of Olympus would Emphasises the scale of the men’s suffering
close and the evening star would
lay the day to rest
I am Aeneas, known for my Very humble assessment of character, he does not focus on what he had
4
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