NASM Corrective exercise specialist Study Guide Fall 2023 with complete solution
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Course
Exercise specialist
Institution
Exercise Specialist
NASM Corrective exercise specialist Study Guide Fall 2023 with complete solution
Corrective exercise
A term used to describe the
systematic process of identifying a
neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction,
developing a plan of action, and
implementing an integrated corrective
strategy.
Correctiv...
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NASM Corrective exercise specialist Study Guide Fall 2023
with complete solution
Corrective exercise
A term used to describe the
systematic process of identifying a
neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction,
developing a plan of action, and
implementing an integrated corrective
strategy.
Corrective Exercise Continuum
The systematic programming process
used to address neuromusculoskeletal
dysfunction through the use of inhibitory,
lengthening, activation, and integration
techniques
Inhibitory techniques
Corrective exercise techniques used to release
tension or decrease activity of overactive
neuromyofascial tissues in the body.
Lengthening techniques
Corrective exercise techniques used to
increase the extensibility, length, and range
of motion of neuromyofascial tissues in the
body.
Activation techniques
Corrective exercise techniques used
to reeducate or increase activation of
underactive tissues.
Corrective exercise techniques used to
retrain the collective synergistic function of
all muscles through functionally progressive
movements.
Integration techniques
the International Obesity Task Force
In 1985, deemed the prevalence of obesity________________
an epidemic
one third 33%
Today, approximately _______ of adults are estimated to be obese
overweight
18% of today's adolescents and teenagers are considered
40 years ago
Research suggests that musculoskeletal pain is more common now than it
was__________because of the advancements of technology and manuallabor-saving
devices.
,1 million ambulatory care (doctor) visits per year
In the general population, plantar fasciitis accounts for more than
$26 billion
It has been estimated that the annual costs attributable to low-back pain in the
United States are greater than
21% of the general population
Shoulder pain is reported to occur in up to
higher the risk of injury?
The less conditioned our musculoskeletal systems are, the higher the risk of injury?
R.I.C.E. (rest, ice, compress, elevate).
According to the text, a comprehensive corrective exercise strategy using the
Corrective Exercise Continuum includes all of the following steps EXCEPT:
Biomechanics
A study that uses principles of physics
to quantitatively study how forces
interact within a living body
Force
An influence applied by one object to another, which results in an acceleration or
deceleration of the second object.
Rotary motion
Movement of the bones around the joints
Torque
A force that produces rotation
Antagonists
Muscles that act in direct opposition to prime movers
Synergists
Muscles that assist prime movers during functional movement patterns.
Stabilizers
Muscles that support or stabilize the body while the prime movers and the synergists
perform the movement patterns.
Motor behavior
Th e human movement system's response to internal and external environmental stimuli
Motor control
Th e study of posture and movements with the involved structures and mechanisms
used by the central nervous system to assimilate and integrate sensory information with
previous experiences
Motor learning
Motor development
Th change in motor behavior with time throughout the lifespan
Internal (sensory) feedback
Th e process by which sensory information is used by the body via length-tension
relationships, force-couple relationships, and arthrokinematics to monitor movement
and the environment.
External (augmented) feedback
Information provided by some external source, for example, a health and fitness
professional, videotape, mirror, or heart rate monitor.
,Knowledge of results
Used after the completion of a movement to inform individuals about the outcome of
their performance
Knowledge of performance
Provides information about the quality of the movement
Length-tension relationship
The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting
length.
Force-velocity curve
The relationship of a muscle's ability to produce tension at differing shorting velocites
Force-couple
The synergistic action of muscles to produce movement around a joint
Local musculature system
Muscles that are predominantly involved in joint support or stabilization.
Global musculature system
Muscles responsible predominantly for movement and consisting of more superficial
musculature that originates from the pelvis to the rib cage, the lower extremities, or both
Sensory information
The data that the central nervous system receives from sensory receptors to determine
such things as the boidy's position in space and limb orientation, as well as information
about the environment, temperature, texture
Sensation
A process by which sensory information is received by the receptor and transferred
either to the spinal cord for reflexive motor behavior, to higher cortical areas for
processing, or both.
Perception
The integration of sensory information with past experiences or memories.
Sensorimotor integration
The ability of the central nervous system to gather and interpret sensory information to
execute the proper motor response.
Feedback
The utilization of sensory information sensorimotor integration to aid in the development
of permanent neural representations of motor patterns for efficient movement
Sagittal plane
The ______________________ bisects the body into right and left halves, and primarily
includes flexion and extension movements.
Frontal plane
The ______________________ bisects the body into front and back halves, and
primarily includes abduction and adduction of the limbs (relative to the trunk), lateral
flexion of the spine, and eversion and inversion of the foot and ankle complex.
Transverse plane
The ______________________ bisects the body to create upper and lower halves, and
primarily includes internal rotation and external rotation for the limbs, right and left
rotation for the head and trunk, and radioulnar pronation and supination.
Pronation
, ______________________ is a multiplanar, synchronized joint motion that occurs with
eccentric muscle function.
Supination
______________________ is a multiplanar, synchronized joint motion that occurs with
concentric muscle function.
Eccentric contraction
An ______________________ occurs when a muscle develops tension while
lengthening
Isometric contraction
An ______________________ occurs when the contractile force is equal to the
resistive force, leading to no visible change in the muscle length
Concentric contraction
A ______________________ occurs when the contractile force is greater than the
resistive force, resulting in shortening of the muscle and visible joint movement.
Gluteus medius, tensor fascia latae, adductor complex, quadratus lomborum
What are the major muscle groups of the lateral sub-system?
Erector spinae, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament, biceps femoris,
peroneus longus
What are the major muscle groups of the deep longitudinal sub-system?
Internal and external obliques, adductor complex, hip external rotators
What are the major muscle groups of the anterior oblique sub-system?
Posterior oblique sub-system
Which sub-system works synergistically with the deep longitudinal sub-system and
consists of the gluteus maximus, thoracolumbar fascia, and contralateral latissimus
dorsi?
Transverse abdominis, multifidus, internal oblique, diaphragm, pelvic floor
muscles
The joint support system of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC) includes the following
muscles.
Proprioception
What is the cumulative neural input from sensory afferents to the central nervous
system?
Central
What part of the nervous system is designed to optimize muscle synergies?
Dorsifl exion
Flexion at the ankle is more accurately termed what?
Accelerates ankle dorsifl exion and inversion
What is the concentric function of the anterior tibialis?
Decelerates hip adduction and internal rotation
What is the eccentric function of the gluteus medius (posterior fibers)?
Shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation
What is the concentric function of the latissimus dorsi?
Accelerates ankle plantar flexion and inversion
What is the concentric function of the posterior tibialis?
Accelerates knee flexion and tibial external rotation
What is the concentric function of the biceps femoris (short head)?
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