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Summary Media as a cause of crime
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in depth notes about media as a cause of crime, including sociologists and what they think.
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Media as a cause of crimeFactor Definition How might this factor cause crime? Evidence Evaluation
Hypodermic syringe Exposure to media violence Link to imitation, arousal, desensitisation For example, Bandura et al’s Ignores the wider range of
model causes children to copy If people, see more violence they are more “Bobo doll” experiment in which influences on people’s
what they see and behave likely to commit violence as it becomes a she found children who viewed behaviour, apart from the
(Copycat/Imitating more aggressively in the normal thing to them. They become violent media content were more media.
crime real world. desensitised to the violence they see in the likely to act in violent ways. ‘Media violence’ can be defined
Desensitisation) Desensitisation means that media, and it becomes a legitimate means of Murder of James Bulger by two in different ways by different
due to increased amount of solving problems. This means people 10-year-old boys. Judge people.
violence in the media become ‘comfortably numb’ when they commented that exposure to Cumberbatch: review of
people start to see it as a witness real-world behaviour as adults and violent video games may be an previous studies does not show
normal way of life. have less sympathy for its victims and have explanation. the media causes violence.
an increased risk of aggression as adults.
Relative deprivation It is not deprivation as such Society is now media saturated which raises Young For example, pressure/ Cultural criminology argues that
which causes people to everyone’s expectations of what a good life desire to obtain materials with the media turn crime itself into
commit crime, as most is like. However, cultural inclusion is small income/ lack of funds may the commodity that people
deprived people do not accompanied by social and economic result in theft. desire. Rather than simply
turn to crime, but whether exclusion for w/c. this creates a bulimic producing crime in their
they see themselves as society, which intensifies the frustration and audiences, the media
deprived relative to others anger at their relative deprivation. These are encourage them to consume
they compare themselves intensified by growing individualism, crime, in the form of images of
with. This can generate weakening of informal controls and growing crime. Hayward & Young we
discontent and resentment economic inequality and change. The live in a media saturated society
as their expectations are combination of these generate crime among where we are immersed in the
not met. young people in deprived communities. To mediascape. There is a blurring
relieve their frustration, they involve in risk- between the image and the
taking behaviour which can lead to crime reality of crime so that the 2 are
and violence. no longer clearly distinct.
Commodification of A further feature of late Corporations and advertisers use media Fenwick and Hayward ‘crim is However, some pubs and clubs
crime modernity is the emphasis images of crime to sell products, especially in packaged and marketed to young now refuse entry to individuals
on consumption, the youth market. Companies use moral people as a romantic, exciting, wearing certain brands.
excitement and immediacy. panics, controversy and scandal to market cool, and fashionable cultural Bluewater shopping centre has
Crime and its thrills their products. symbol.’ banned the wearing of hoodies.
become commodified. Hayward and Young car ads
featuring street riots, joyriding,
suicide bombing, graffiti and
pyromania.
Reduction of social Greer and Reiner suggest The media may undermine these controls by Control theory – Hirschi’s bond of People can make choices for
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