NSG 5003- Advanced Pathophysiology QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2023

NSG 5003- Advanced Pathophysiology QUESTION AND SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2023 ATP - ANSWER Functions as energy-transferring molecule Oxidative phosphorylation - ANSWER occurs in mitochondria; mechanism by which energy is produced from carbs, fats, & proteins Atrophy - ANSWER decrease in cellular size Hypertophy - ANSWER increase in cellular size by increased work demand or hormonal situation Hyperplasia - ANSWER increase cellular number by increased cellular division Dysplasia - ANSWER abnormal change in size, shape, & organization of mature tissue cells Metaplasia - ANSWER reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another less mature cell type Cell Injury - ANSWER caused by hypoxia Free Radicals - ANSWER can cause lipid peroxidation or destruction of unsaturated fatty acids, alterations of proteins, & alterations in DNA Apoptosis - ANSWER cell death from programmed, selective self destruction Necrosis - ANSWER sum of changes after local cell death & includes inflammation & cell lysis PTH - ANSWER parathyroid hormone