Med-Surg 1 HESI Practice Questions Topics Version 1 Updated 2023 -2024 with All Predictor Questions and 1 00% Correct Answers 1. 1. Stroke -dysphagia: o Maintain NPO status until swallow study can be com - pleted. Follow agency guidelines for screening or use an evidence -based bed - side swallowing screening tool. Refer patient to Speech -Language Pathologist for swallowing eval per stroke protocol as needed. If dysphagia is present, develop a collaborative plan to prevent aspiration and support nutrition. Collaborate with Registered Dietician to ensure nutritional needs are met. Monitor DW, albumin levels to detect any decrease from baseline. o A client experience impaired swallowing after a stroke and has worked with speech language pathologists on eating. What nursing assessment best indicates that the expected outcome for this problem has been met? a. Chooses preferred items from the menu b. Eats 75 to 100 % of all meals and snacks c. Has clear lung sounds on auscultation d. Gains 2 lbs after 1 week § Answer: C o A male client was admitted with a left sided stroke this morning. The assistive personnel asks about meeting the clients nutritional needs. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? Med-Surg 1 HESI Practice Questions Topics Version 1 Updated 2023 -2024 with All Predictor Questions and 1 00% Correct Answers a. He is NPO until the speech language pathologist performs a swallowing evel. b. You may give him a full liquid diet, but please avoid solid foods until he gets stronger c. Just be sure to add some thickener in his liquids to prevent choking and aspiration d. Be sure to sit him up when you are feeding him to make him feel more natural. § Answer: A 2. Anemia & iron rich foods: o Iron deficiency anemia management involves increasing the oral intake of iron from food sources: red meat, organs, egg yolks, kidney beans, leafy green veggies, and raisins. 3. Diabetes a1c level: o Indicates glucose control over previous 90 to 120 days o Normal: 4 to 6 % o Prediabetes: 5.7-6.4% o Diabetes: greater than 6.5% 4. Nutrition -healing: o Successful healing of pressure injuries depends on ade - quate intake of calories, protein, vitamins, minerals, and water. Under nutrition increases the risk for skin breakdown and delayed wound healing. Severe protein deficiency inhibits healing and impairs host infection defenses. Coordinate with RDN to help patient eat a balanced diet, especially emphasizing protein. Fats also are needed to ensure formation of cell membranes. 5. DM - core compliance: o Changes in blood vessels both large and small in tissues and organs result from DM and can lead or organ complications and death.
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