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Summary Chapter 25 - Nuclear proliferation $2.78
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Summary Chapter 25 - Nuclear proliferation

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Summary study book The Globalization of World Politics of John Baylis, Smith, Steve - ISBN: 9780198739852, Edition: 1, Year of publication: december 2 (chapter 25)

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  • August 28, 2017
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By: stuvia11200 • 5 year ago

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Political Science 144
Chapter 25: Nuclear Proliferation

What is a nuclear programme?

Has dual use  can be used to generate energy or make a nuclear weapon
- Generate power in form of heat
- Weapon seeks to create a large explosion through fission or fusion
-
WMD  weapons of mass destruction because of their explosive capacity
- Dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- Damage: a blast & thermal radiation (heat) & nuclear radiation
- Globalisation has heightened concern that a non-state actor such as terrorists might try
acquire nuclear weapons

Nuclear Proliferation since 1945

- Nuclear weapons during cold war focuses primarily on bipolar competition between USA
and Soviet Union

Nuclear deterrence  warning to others not to attack, ‘the question of how nuclear weapons
could be used to prevent an opponent from taking on an undesirable action’
- To deter Soviet Union, USA used two strategies:
1. Counterforce strategy  American nuclear weapons targeted soviet unions nuclear
and conventional military assets
2. Countervalue strategy  assets threatened with nuclear retaliation were targets of
industrial or social value (cities with large populations)

Theoretical debates about nuclear proliferation

Nuclear opacity  also known as “nuclear ambiguity” or “the bomb in the basement approach”,
not sure if country is in possession of nuclear infrastructures
Latent nuclear capacity  a country that possesses the infrastructure, material and technical
capabilities to quickly assemble a nuclear weapon but has never done so (Japan)

Nuclear power and weapons can be used for defence or attack
- Can be domestic political reasons
- Prestige of having nuclear weapons (North Korea proud)  makes you important player
internationally

Motivations for having nuclear weapons
- Potential utility in fighting and winning major international armed conflicts (only been
used in Japan 1945)

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