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Samenvatting Biomechanica - Roosen
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2. Inleiding tot de biomechanicaToepassingsgebieden
● Basiswetenschap
= houding + beweging
● Pathomechanica
= ontstaan klachten
● Ondersteuning van therapie
= indv behandelingsplan + trainingstoestellen
● Ergonomie
= werkhouding, preventie klachten
Kinematica vs kinetica
= beweging lichaam = oorzaak beweging
of verzameling lichamen in ruimte en in tijd
- positie, verplaatsing, snelheid, - kracht, (draai)moment, impuls,
versnelling, hoekversnelling power
Statica vs dynamica
→ fysica wetten toepassen op momentopnames
verandering zegt iets over beweging
Osteokinematica
= kinematica van botstukken of hun massamiddelpunten
vb. flexie-abductie, exorotatie gleno-humeraal
Artrokinematica
= intra-articulair tijdens beweging
1
,3. Artrokinematica
Botstukken bewegen tov elkaar
● Rotatiebeweging, angulaire beweging
→ hoekvormig
→ rond as: rotatieas
● Translatiebeweging, schuifbeweging
→ hoekvormig
→ as
Bepaling ligging as
● Convex + concaaf
1) raaklijn
2) kromtestraal (loodlijn)
3) kromtemiddelpunt
⇒ hoe korter bij elkaar, hoe stabieler positie gewricht
● Congruentie
= kromtemiddelpunten kort bij elkaar, krommingen gelijkaardig
→ afh stand
● Stabiliteit
→ MCPP: Maximally close packed position
- max stabiliteit, max congruent
→ MLPP: Maximally loose packed position (45°)
- weinig stabiliteit, min congruent
● Rol- en glijbeweging
2
, → puntbelasting
● Schommel- en schuifbeweging
⇒ tegen schade
Convex-concaaf regel
● convex tov concaaf: tegengestelde richting
● concaaf tov convex: gelijke richting
⇒ tegelijkertijd
Ligging as in referentiestelsel
● as in 1 vlak ⇒ beweging in vlak loodrecht
● as schuin ⇒ beweging 3D
Eén of meerdere assen
Stabiliteit
Passief:
● Aard gewricht
● Vorm gewrichtsvlakken
● Ligamentaire spanning
→ Capsulo-ligamentaire structuren
Actief:
● Spieractiviteit
→ Musculo-tendineuze eenheid
→ nadeel: uitgeput
● Comprimerend effect zwaartekracht
3
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