CMN 102 Exam 1 Lecture + Reading Questions With Complete Solutions

3 Main Reasons Scientists Perform Research correct answer: 1) Explain 2) Predict 3) Make A Difference Variable correct answer: Any concept that can have two or more values (Ex: automobile, political orientation, ethnicity, attitude, behavior) Hypothesis correct answer: Educated guess, good idea how things will work (statement) Research Question correct answer: No sense of how the variables will interact (question) Confounding Variable correct answer: Those that are not assessed but obscure the relationship between two measured variables V1= hours studying V2= test scores CF = grade IQ, good test taker or not Experimental Research correct answer: A controlled test of a cause and effect relationship independent and dependent variables O correct answer: Measurement, observation (survey) X correct answer: Message R correct answer: Random Assignment One-Shot Case Study correct answer: X O Group of individuals who observe the message: Strength = immediate feedback, inexpensive Weakness = no comparison group, no randomization Not Recommended! Pretest-Posttest Control Group correct answer: Treatment: R O1 X O2 (Pre-test, treat, post test) Control: R O2 O2 (Pre-test, post test) Strength: comparison group, randomization, pre-test Weakness: pre-test could effect post-test Posttest-Only Control Group correct answer: Group 1 (treatment): R X O1 (Treat, Post-test) Group 2: (control): R O1 (Post-Test) Strength: eliminates the pre-test, randomized Solomon Four Design correct answer: R O1 X O2 (Pretest, treat, post test) R O1 O2 (Prestest, post test) R X O1 (Treat, post test) R O1 (Post test)