Test 1, 2, 3; all questions with correct answers
Which bone cells are multinucleated and lodged in Howship lacuna?>>> Osteoclasts
The outer layer of periosteum contains blood vessels and nerves that penetrate the inner structures of the bone by way of which vascular channel?>>>...
Which bone cells are multinucleated and lodged in Howship lacuna?>>> Osteoclasts
The outer layer of periosteum contains blood vessels and nerves that penetrate the inner structures of
the bone by way of which vascular channel?>>> Volkmann canals
The stage of healing in the bone that involves procallus formation entails which process?>>> production
of granulation tissue
which type of fibrous joint holds teeth in the maxilla or mandible?>>> gomphosis
what controls the movement of synovial fluid through the cartilage in a joint?>>> proteoglycans
which characteristic is true of type I (red) muscle fibers?>>> oxidative metabolism
regulatory protien that connects the Z-disk to the M-line in sarcomere is:>>> Titin
Which of the following gives bone its tensile strength (Resistance of bone)?>>> collagen
What bone is commonly fractured in doing CPR?>>> xiphoid process
what is the function of the synovial membran'es type B cells within the intima?>>> to secrete
hyaluronate, a binding agent that gives synovial fluid its viscous quality
Which connective tissue surrounds one bundle (one fascicle) of striated muscle?>>> perimysium
as the innervation ratio of a particular organ increases, what other property also increases?>>>
endurance
what contractile protein (myofibrilament) occupies the light (I) bands?>>> actin
Which type of ion directly controls the contraction of muscles?>>> calcium
which four-step process correctly describes muscle contraction?>>> excitation, coupling, contraction,
relaxation
the tear in a tendon is referred to as a>>> strain
which medial diagnosis is characterized by tissue degeneration of irritation of the extensor carpi radialis
brevis tendon (tennis elbow)?>>> lateral epicondylitis
, What pathophysiologic alteration precedes crush syndrome after prolonged muscle compression?>>>
myoblobinuria
how is rhabdomyolysis characterized?>>> release of myoglobin from damaged striated muscle cells
which changes are believed to play a role in postmenopausal osteoporosis?>>> increased oxidative
stress and intracellular reactive oxygen species
what is the most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?>>> bone deformity
when considering osteomyelitis, sequestrum is identified as:>>> an area of devascularized and
devitalized bone
what is the primary defect in osteoartritis?>>> loss of articular cartilage
what is the primary pathologic alteration resulting from ankylosing spondylitis?>>> inflammation of the
joints of the vertebrae
people with gout are at high risk for which co-morbid condition?>>> renal calculi
the pathophysiologic presentation of gout is closely linked to the metabolism of which chemical?>>>
purine
Which joint disease is characterized by joint stiffness, joint pain, positive Heberden and Bouchard nodes
in the fingers?>>> osteoarthritis
what type of fracture occurs at a site of preexisting bone abnormality and as a result of a force that
would not normally cause a fracture?>>> pathologic
Rider's bone in equestrians due to inflammation of thigh muscle with subsequent calcification is:>>>
myositis ossificans
considering the pathophysiologic process of osteoporosis, what are the effects of ERKs and RANKL on
osteoclasts and osteoblasts?>>> ERK and RANKL increase the lifespan of osteoclasts and decrease the
lifespan of osteoblasts
The primary center of ossification occurs at the ____ of long bones?>>> diaphysis
Which skeletal deformity is normal at birth but generally disappears by 2.5 yrs of age?>>> genu varum
(bowleg)
Which sign or symptom is a very late indication of developmental dysplasia of the hip?>>> pain
Which serum laboratory test is elevated in all forms of osteogenesis imperfecta?>>> alkaline
phosphatase
which bones are affected in legg-calves-perthes disease?>>> heads of femur
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