Summary OCR A-level Geography Red Cross in Haiti (NGO) case study (Disease Dilemmas)
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Course
Disease Dilemmas (H481)
Institution
OCR
Book
OCR A Level Geography Second Edition
Highly detailed case study overview of the actions taken by, and relative successes of, the British, American and Haitian branches of the Red Cross in tackling the cholera outbreak in Haiti after the 2010 earthquake. Evaluative points about the ethics associated with NGO activities is also included...
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Disease Dilemmas (H481)
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Roles of the American Red Cross:
Assisting with EQ relief with disaster rescue teams/firefighters
Supported Haitian Red Cross & Haitian government with human
resources & funding Roles of Haitian Red Cross:
Improving awareness of personal/household hygiene through
Mostly involved in vaccine distribution
door-to-door promotion
Supported Haitian Ministry of Health’s cholera vaccination program
Distribution of soap, Aquatabs & oral rehydration salts – 250 ORS
along with WHO and UNICEF
distribution points
Logistical assistance, such as carrying by donkey, to transport
545,000 people have benefited from American Red Cross-provided
vaccines to 16 communities in Grande-Anse and the South
safe water & sanitation (2020)
Aim to administer vaccine to >820,000 people
Almost US$66mil spend on complementary health projects to
support hospitals & public health infrastructure
1,250 workers trained and deployed
Continued support required as hurricane season = heavy rain,
flooding, landslides = threat of cholera exacerbated
International Red Cross/Red Crescent
Movement Fact File: Evaluative Points:
- International humanitarian movement American Red Cross raised almost US$500mil but NPR &
Roles of the British Red Cross: founded to protect human life and health ProPublica investigation found money had not been used
- 97mil volunteers effectively – poorly managed projects, dubious success claims
Mostly communication & media role - Volunteers from national branches
& money raised after goal was reached disappearing from
326,000 people reached including American, Haitian & British to
even the view of the country’s former prime minister
Cholera treatment unit at La Piste camp provide EQ and cholera support
Relief provided is only short-term – 130,000 provided with
Ambulance service established Each branch brought different professionals temporary homes but only 6 permanent homes built
Rehydration treatment points in 3 areas of Port-au-Prince fulfilling different categories of support, such Red Cross is not experienced in rebuilding a developing
Local radio, newspapers, SMS used to reach as many as possible to raise as: country
awareness about avoiding infection & recognising symptoms Very few Haitians made it to top positions within charity and
- Training
Support ended January 2012 - Education those in top positions received huge allowances - US$140,000
- Sanitation in one case = racist structures within White Saviour complex
- Medical treatment & vaccination Failures to act and bureaucratic delays (Eg: Washington Office)
- Disaster relief (firefighters/rescuers) contributed to avoidable deaths of thousands in early weeks of
- Communication & media epidemic according to Paul Christian Namphy (Haitian water &
sanitation official)
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