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Samenvatting Gerechtelijk Recht
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Dit is een samenvatting van alle lessen, de ppt's en het handboek Gerechtelijk Recht. De samenvatting is een geheel van al deze notities.
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GERECHTELIJK RECHT1
,Inhoudsopgave
Praktische richtlijnen..................................................................................................................................... 5
Deel I: algemene inleiding.............................................................................................................................. 6
1. Begripsomschrijving, bestaansreden en kenmerken van het burgerlijk procesrecht.......................................6
2. Bronnen van het burgerlijk procesrecht..........................................................................................................7
De grondwet.....................................................................................................................................................7
Het gerechtelijk wetboek (code judiciaire)......................................................................................................8
Bijzondere wetten............................................................................................................................................8
Rechtspraak......................................................................................................................................................8
Rechtsleer.........................................................................................................................................................8
Algemene rechtsbeginselen en gebruiken.......................................................................................................8
Internationale normen.....................................................................................................................................8
3. Uit de bronnen gedistilleerde beginselen van behoorlijke procesvorming.......................................................9
A. Recht op toegang tot de rechter..................................................................................................................9
B. Recht van verdediging..................................................................................................................................9
C. Onpartijdigheid.............................................................................................................................................9
D. Onafhankelijkheid........................................................................................................................................9
E. Motiveringsplicht..........................................................................................................................................9
F. Rederlijke termijn.........................................................................................................................................9
G. Beschikkingsbeginsel – partijautonomie...................................................................................................10
4. Toepassingsgebied van het burgerlijk procesrecht........................................................................................11
Personeel toepassingsgebied.........................................................................................................................11
Materieel toepassingsgebied.........................................................................................................................12
Temporeel toepassingsgebied........................................................................................................................12
Ruimtelijke toepassing...................................................................................................................................13
Basisbegrippen...............................................................................................................................................13
Deel II: rechterlijke organisatie..................................................................................................................... 17
1. Korte historiek.................................................................................................................................................17
2. Het gerechtelijk landschap.............................................................................................................................17
De gerechtelijke arrondissementen en rechtsgebieden................................................................................17
Hoven en rechtbanken...................................................................................................................................18
Concrete samenstelling: afdelingen, secties en kamers................................................................................18
Zaakverdelingsreglement...............................................................................................................................20
Bijzonder reglement.......................................................................................................................................21
Verdelingsincidenten......................................................................................................................................21
Taalwijzing – verwijzing naar anderstalige rechtbank...................................................................................21
3. Het openbaar ministerie.................................................................................................................................22
Kenmerken.....................................................................................................................................................22
Bevoegdheidsuitoefening...............................................................................................................................22
4. De griffies........................................................................................................................................................23
5. Gerechtelijke ambten.....................................................................................................................................23
De magistraten (zetel en parket)....................................................................................................................23
6. De balie...........................................................................................................................................................27
De advocaten..................................................................................................................................................27
7. De gerechtsdeurwaarder................................................................................................................................29
Taakomschrijving............................................................................................................................................29
Organisatie van het beroep............................................................................................................................30
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,Deel III: de bevoegdheid.............................................................................................................................. 32
1. Korte historiek.................................................................................................................................................32
2. De bevoegdheidsregels...................................................................................................................................32
Nationale bevoegdheidsregels.......................................................................................................................32
Territoriale bevoegdheid................................................................................................................................32
Materiële bevoegdheid..................................................................................................................................33
De regeling van geschillen van bevoegdheid.................................................................................................41
Deel IV: de rechtspleging.............................................................................................................................. 43
1. Het rechtsgeding.............................................................................................................................................43
Fase 1: inleiding..............................................................................................................................................43
Fase 2: instaatstelling.....................................................................................................................................51
Fase 3: [advies OM], beraad en uitspraak......................................................................................................55
2. Tussengeschillen (incidenten/ incidents)........................................................................................................60
Tussengeschillen met betrekking tot eis........................................................................................................60
Tussengeschillen met betrekking partijen..........................................................................................................63
Overzicht.........................................................................................................................................................63
Tussengeschillen in verband met de loop van het geding.............................................................................64
Gerechtskosten...............................................................................................................................................65
3. De sanctieregeling..........................................................................................................................................68
De sanctieregeling bij procestermijnen..........................................................................................................70
4. Rechtsplegingen van bijzondere aard: de spoedprocedures..........................................................................73
Kort geding.....................................................................................................................................................73
Rechtspleging op eenzijdig verzoekschrift (art 584, vierde lid Ger W)..........................................................73
5. De rechtsmiddelen..........................................................................................................................................75
Algemene regels.............................................................................................................................................75
De gewone rechtsmiddelen............................................................................................................................75
Buitengewone rechtsmiddelen......................................................................................................................85
Deel V: beslag en tenuitvoerlegging............................................................................................................. 89
1. Algemene begrippen.......................................................................................................................................89
Gedwongen tenuitvoerlegging.......................................................................................................................89
De uitvoering in natura/ reële executie.........................................................................................................89
Tijdstip van de tenuitvoerlegging...................................................................................................................89
Exequatur.......................................................................................................................................................90
Dwangsom......................................................................................................................................................90
Bijzondere regels............................................................................................................................................91
Beslag.................................................................................................................................................................91
Omschrijving en juridische aard.....................................................................................................................91
Uitoefening van het recht op beslag..............................................................................................................92
De openbaarmaking van het beslag: publiciteit dmv Centraal Bestand........................................................92
Centraal register voor Euorpees conservatoir beslag op bankrekeningen....................................................92
De goederen waarop beslag kan worden gelegd...........................................................................................92
2. De beslagrechter.............................................................................................................................................93
De bevoegdheid..............................................................................................................................................93
De rechtspleging voor de beslagrechter........................................................................................................94
3. De bewarende beslagen.................................................................................................................................95
Begripsomschrijving.......................................................................................................................................95
Toepassingsvoorwaarden...............................................................................................................................95
Geldigheidsduur.............................................................................................................................................95
Het kantonnement.........................................................................................................................................95
3
, Rechtsmiddelen – wijziging – intrekkig – opheffing.......................................................................................96
De soorten bewarende beslagen...................................................................................................................96
Omzetting van een bewarend beslag in een uitvoerend beslag....................................................................97
4. De uitvoerend beslagen..................................................................................................................................97
Begripsomschrijving.......................................................................................................................................97
Toepassingsvoorwaarden...............................................................................................................................97
Kantonnement................................................................................................................................................98
De soorten uitvoerend beslag........................................................................................................................98
5. De IOS-procedure..........................................................................................................................................100
Begripsomschrijving.....................................................................................................................................100
Toepassingsvoorwaarden.............................................................................................................................101
Procedure: 4 fases........................................................................................................................................101
Schorsing (inversion du contentieux)...........................................................................................................101
Centraal register...........................................................................................................................................102
Facultatief.....................................................................................................................................................102
Evaluatie.......................................................................................................................................................102
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