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Summary Artikelen Risk Behavior and Addiction in Adolescence
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Summary of 26 pages for the course Risk Behavior and Addiction in Adolescence at UU
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Literatuur Risk Behavior and Addiction in AdolescenceInhoud
Literatuur Risk Behavior and Addiction in Adolescence..........................................................1
Week 1................................................................................................................................ 2
Sussman, 2017...............................................................................................................2
Lopez-Leon, 2013........................................................................................................... 3
Gladwin, 2011................................................................................................................. 5
Week 2................................................................................................................................ 6
Brand, 2016..................................................................................................................... 6
Van den Eijnden, 2018....................................................................................................7
Ryan et al., 2014.............................................................................................................8
Koning et al., 2014..........................................................................................................9
Week 3............................................................................................................................ 9
Castellanos-Ryan, 2013................................................................................................10
Meeus et al.,2021.......................................................................................................... 12
Kreek et al., 2005.......................................................................................................... 13
Week 4.............................................................................................................................. 14
Laninga-Wijnen & Veenstra, 2021.................................................................................14
Prinstein & Giletta, 2020................................................................................................16
Week 5.............................................................................................................................. 18
Onrust et al., 2016.........................................................................................................18
Kleinjan & Engels, 2014................................................................................................19
Week 6.............................................................................................................................. 20
Volkow et al., 2016........................................................................................................20
Week 7.............................................................................................................................. 22
De Looze et al., 2017....................................................................................................22
Simons-Morton et al., 2010...........................................................................................22
Ball et al., in press......................................................................................................... 22
Week 8.............................................................................................................................. 23
Flaherty, 2013............................................................................................................... 24
Michie et al., 2011......................................................................................................... 24
Kim & Hodgins............................................................................................................... 25
1
,Week 1
- Sussman, S. (2017). Chapter 1: A general introduction to the concept of addiction and
addictive effects. In Substance and Behavioral Addictions: Concepts, Causes, and Cures (pp.
3-31). Cambridge University Press.
- Lopez-Leon M., & Raley, J.A. (2013). Developmental Risks of Substance Use in Adolescence:
Age as Risk Factor. In Rosner R., Clinical Handbook of Adolescent Addiction (pp. 132-138).
Willey-Blackwell.
- Gladwin, T. E., Figner, B., Crone, E. A., & Wiers, R. W. (2011). Addiction, adolescence, and the
integration of control and motivation. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 1(4), 364-376.
Sussman, 2017
Both substance and behavioral (process) addictions describe behavior that results in clinically
significant impairment.
● Substance addiction pertains to repetitive intake of a drug (such as alcohol) or of food
● Behavioral addiction pertains to engaging in types of behaviors repetitively wich are not
directly taken into the body such as gambling or sex.
Addication > Sussman (2017) maakt verschil tussen:
1. Intensional addiction: beschrijven onderliggende verslavingsprocessen. These types of
models have relatively good explanatory power though they often are more distant from
observables than descriptive (extensional) models
2. Extensional addiction: a classification of characteristics of an addiction (DSM5). Biedt een
taxonomie van het verslavingselement, dat vervolgens kan worden georganiseerd in een
meer opzettelijk, op theorie gebaseerd perspectief.
→ 3 te onderscheiden: six-component perspectief, five compontent model en DSM
Intensional addication: beschrijven onderliggende verslavingsprocessen
Hier zijn er vijf van:
Individuele vulnerabilities voor risicovol gedrag en verslaving:
1. Genetic vulnerability: neurotransmitters voor beloning. Mensen hebben genetische aanleg
voor verslaving, dit komt door het dopaminesysteem in de hersenen, dopaminereceptor
werking.
➔ Diathesis-stress model > omgeving kan genotype triggeren. Substanties kunnen
invloed uitoefenen op neurotransmitters positieve reinforcing properties, het
verandert de werking van je dopamine (verandert je genen)
2. Personality as vulnerability > twee domeinen:
● Disinhibted domein
> impulsiviteit = lack of control over behavior In prefrontale cortex worden
executieve functies geregeld (inhibite, aandacht en working memory)
> Sensatiezoeken = need to look for challenges and incentives while taking risk, meer
drive voor exploratie dan impulsiviteit
➔ Dual systems model/maturation imbalance model → bij impulsiviteit en bij
sensatiezoeken belangrijk zie artikel
● Inhibited domein: angst/hopeloosheid
2
, > Angst: neiging om terug te trekken, zien van sociale situaties als dreigend, lastig
rustig te blijven, hogere kans op verslaving om hier mee om te gaan. Maar: angst
verlaagt kans op early onset van drinken → omdat ze bang zijn voor nieuwe
situaties, na gebruik merken dat het ze helpt en dan wel meer gebruiken
3. Psychosocial and psychiatric disorders as vulnerablity
● externaliserende problemen > ADHD of antisociale gedragproblemen
● internaliserende problemen > mood disorders, angst/paniek stoornis of PTSS. Gok
verslaving → problemen met aandacht & sociale vulnerability zijn risicofactoren voor
een gok verslaving, artikel lezen
4. Negative life events as vulnerablity
● early life stress > neglect/stress tijdens zwangerschap
● chronic (uncrontolled) stress conditie > poverty/ziekte
● traumatische ervaringen > abuse/divorce/ptss
Twee learning principles onderliggend aan ontwikkeling addication:
1. Positieve reinforcement: een impulsief-obsessieve/compulsieve definitie van verslaving
heeft over het algemeen betrekking op het gedrag vertonen door een spanningsopbouw die
vrijkomt (door het gebruiken van de dug), resulterend in plezier, maar misschien later
leidend tot zelfverwijt. Dit kan later weer leiden tot een opbouw van spanning of juist een
hunkering naar plezier. Dit proces kan worden aangeduid als de positieve reinforcement van
het impulsief-obsessieve / compulsieve model van verslaving
2. Negatieve reinforcement: dit verslavingsmodel kan een opbouw van spanning, angst en
stress met zich meebrengen die vrijkomt, resulterend in verlichting van de angst, maar geen
bepaald plezier, en vervolgens cyclisch leidend tot obsessies die angst en stress veroorzaken
en weer leiden tot een verlangen naar verlichting.
→ Het is mogelijk dat beide processen plaatsvinden in één persoon. Iemand kan hunkering
naar plezier en hunkering naar verlichting van stress/angst op hetzelfde moment ervaren.
Lopez-Leon, 2013
Introduction
3
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