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DIAGNOSTIEK ENINTERVENTIES IN DE
ORTHOPEDAGOGISCHE
HULPVERLENING
Grondslagen 2022-2023
,Inhoudstafel
1 Introductiecollege ...................................................................................................................... 20
1.1 Opbouw van het opleidingsonderdeel ............................................................................... 20
1.1.1 Modellen ....................................................................................................................... 20
1.1.2 Methodieken ................................................................................................................. 20
1.1.3 Domeinen ...................................................................................................................... 20
1.1.4 Visies ............................................................................................................................. 21
1.2 Lesmateriaal ...................................................................................................................... 21
1.3 Terminologie ..................................................................................................................... 21
1.3.1 Diagnostiek.................................................................................................................... 21
1.3.1.1 … en aanverwanten................................................................................................ 22
1.3.2 Interventies ................................................................................................................... 22
1.3.2.1 De orthopedagogische interventie ......................................................................... 23
1.3.2.2 … en aanverwanten................................................................................................ 23
2 Diagnostische besluitvorming .................................................................................................... 25
2.1 Modellen ........................................................................................................................... 25
2.1.1 Hebben we modellen nodig? ......................................................................................... 25
2.1.2 Waarom een methodisch proces? Waarom modellen? .................................................. 25
2.1.3 Empirische cyclus ........................................................................................................... 26
2.1.4 Regulatieve cyclus.......................................................................................................... 26
2.1.5 Klinische cyclus .............................................................................................................. 27
2.1.6 Diagnostiek.................................................................................................................... 28
2.1.7 Wat is diagnostiek?........................................................................................................ 28
2.1.8 Diagnostische cyclus (heel boek hiervan lezen!) ............................................................. 28
2.1.9 Cyclus handelingsgerichte diagnostiek (enkel het 1ste hoofdstuk van dit boek bekijken) . 29
2.1.9.1 Aanmelding............................................................................................................ 29
2.1.9.2 Klachtanalyse ......................................................................................................... 30
2.1.9.3 strategiefase (hypotheses formuleren) ................................................................... 30
2.1.9.4 Diagnostische scenario ........................................................................................... 31
2.1.9.5 Probleemanalyse ................................................................................................... 31
2.1.9.6 Verklaringsanalyse ................................................................................................. 31
2.1.10 Inhoudelijke kaders.................................................................................................... 32
2.1.10.1 Universele noden model .................................................................................... 32
2.1.10.2 Ontwikkeling in context ...................................................................................... 33
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, 2.1.10.3 Hebben we diagnostiek nodig?........................................................................... 34
2.1.10.4 Indicatieanalyse ................................................................................................. 35
2.1.10.5 Advies ................................................................................................................ 35
2.1.10.6 Knelpunten bij werken met dit model ................................................................ 35
2.2 Zelfstudie .......................................................................................................................... 36
2.3 Basisliteratuur ................................................................................................................... 36
2.4 Bijkomende verplichte literatuur ....................................................................................... 36
2.5 Opdracht ........................................................................................................................... 36
3 Onderkennende diagnostiek ...................................................................................................... 37
3.1 Verplichte literatuur .......................................................................................................... 37
3.2 Situering ............................................................................................................................ 37
3.2.1 Diagnostische cyclus ...................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2 Onderkennende diagnostiek .......................................................................................... 37
3.3 Diagnostiek vs classificatie ................................................................................................. 38
3.3.1 Een casus ....................................................................................................................... 39
3.4 Categoriale vs dimensionele classificatie............................................................................ 39
3.4.1 Classificatie: 2 manieren ................................................................................................ 39
3.4.1.1 Categoriaal............................................................................................................. 39
3.4.1.2 Dimensioneel: ........................................................................................................ 40
3.4.1.3 Gelijkenissen (categoriaal en dimensioneel) ........................................................... 41
3.4.1.4 Verschillen ............................................................................................................. 41
3.4.1.5 Evaluatie van beide systemen: 5 criteria waaraan de classificatie moet voldoen .... 41
3.4.1.6 Spanningsveld ........................................................................................................ 42
3.4.1.7 Recente ontwikkelingen vanuit dimensioneel gedachtengoed ................................ 42
3.5 Classificatie met de DSM 5 ................................................................................................. 42
3.5.1 Onderscheid classificatie systeem .................................................................................. 43
3.5.2 Kritische noten .............................................................................................................. 43
3.5.3 DSM 5 ............................................................................................................................ 43
3.5.4 Deel 1: uitgangspunten .................................................................................................. 44
3.5.5 Elementen van classificatie ............................................................................................ 44
3.6 Classificatie op basis van DSM-5 : Voorbeelden en kritische bespreking ............................. 46
3.6.1 Belang ........................................................................................................................... 46
3.6.2 Let op! ........................................................................................................................... 47
3.6.3 Voorbeeld: DSM5-AUTISMESPECTRUMSTOORNIS ......................................................... 47
3.6.3.1 Gedrag ................................................................................................................... 48
3.6.3.2 Ernstniveau ............................................................................................................ 48
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, 3.6.3.3 Specifiers (extra informatie) ................................................................................... 48
3.6.3.4 Andere classificatiesystemen ................................................................................. 48
3.6.3.5 Kinderen met taalproblemen (Jansen et al., 2017).................................................. 49
3.6.3.6 ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health – 2001 .......... 49
4 Verklarende diagnostiek ............................................................................................................ 49
4.1 Verplichte literatuur .......................................................................................................... 49
4.2 Situering in het vak ............................................................................................................ 49
4.3 Belang en kernelementen van verklaringsanalyse .............................................................. 50
4.3.1 Kern van verklaringsanalyse ........................................................................................... 50
4.3.2 Hoe bouw je een verklaringsanalyse op?........................................................................ 50
4.3.3 Mogelijke fouten ........................................................................................................... 51
4.3.4 Stappen ......................................................................................................................... 51
4.3.4.1 Stap 1: voorlopig diagnostisch denkschema ........................................................... 51
4.4 Voorbeeld voorlopig diagnostisch denkschema ................................................................. 52
Voorbeeld: Casus Kasper ............................................................................................................... 52
Probleemanalyse ....................................................................................................................... 53
4.4.1.1 stap 2: verklarende hypothesen formuleren ........................................................... 54
4.4.1.2 stap 3: toetsbaar maken van hypothesen ............................................................... 55
4.4.1.3 Stap 4: toetsen van hypothesen ............................................................................. 57
4.4.1.4 Stap 5: Integratief beeld ......................................................................................... 57
5 Indicatieanalyse ......................................................................................................................... 59
5.1 Literatuur .......................................................................................................................... 60
5.2 Definitie en plaats in de klinische cyclus............................................................................. 60
5.2.1 Definitie indicatie-analyse.............................................................................................. 60
5.2.2 Plaats in de klinische cyclus............................................................................................ 61
5.2.3 Knelpunten en oplossingen ............................................................................................ 61
5.3 Modellen van indicatie-analyse ......................................................................................... 62
5.3.1 Doel indicatie-analyse .................................................................................................... 62
5.3.2 Hoe komen tot indicatiestelling ..................................................................................... 62
5.3.2.1 stap 1: is interventie nodig/mogelijk/wenselijk ...................................................... 62
5.3.2.2 Stap 2: doelen formuleren en prioriteren ............................................................... 63
5.3.2.3 Stap 3: aanbevelingen selecteren ........................................................................... 64
5.3.2.4 stap 4: verwacht nut van aanbevelingen bepalen ................................................... 64
5.3.2.5 Stap 5: resultaat van indicatieanalyse..................................................................... 67
5.3.2.5.1 In HGD?............................................................................................................ 67
5.4 modellen van indicatieanalyse ........................................................................................... 67
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