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Samenvatting CHEMIE - HYDROXIDEN $3.77
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Samenvatting CHEMIE - HYDROXIDEN

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In dit document heb ik hoofstuk 3 van thema 1 van chemie samengevat. Het gaat over de hydroxiden. Ik zit in het 4e middelbaar. groetjes

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  • October 2, 2023
  • October 3, 2023
  • 1
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
  • Secondary school
  • 2e graad
  • 4
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CHEMIE T1H3 - DE HYDROXIDEN

Wat is een hydroxide?

- Verbinding van een metaal met 1/meerdere hydroxyde groepen (OH-groepen)
- Ionverbindingen
- Lading hydroxide-ion = -I ⇒ O heeft oxidatiegetal -II, H heeft oxidatiegetal +I.
- MOH = algemene formule.
- Nooit andere index dan 1 bij metaal.
- Ipv metaalion kan ook ammoniumion (NH4+) gebonden worden.


Formule + naamgeving

Bij slechts 1 mogelijk oxidatiegetal:
- Formule: oxidatiegetal opzoeken in PSE + kruisregel
- Naam: metaal (of ammonium) + hydroxide

Bij meerdere mogelijke oxidatiegetallen:
- Formule: meerdere mogelijkheden, er moet info over oxidatiegetal gegeven worden.
Naamgeving:
- Systematische naam: metaal + grieks telwoord + hydroxide
- Stocknotatie: metaal + (oxidatiegetal) + hydroxide


Formule Systematische naam Triviale naam Toepassing/eigenschap

Ca(OH)2 Calciumhydroxide Gebluste kalk Indicator koolstofdioxide

NaOH Natriumhydroxide Bijtende soda Ontstopper

NH4OH Ammoniumhydroxide / Ontvetter



Reactiepatroon
- (MO) + (H2O)→ (MOH)
- Metaaloxide + waterstof → hydroxide

Doordat er bij reactie van metaaloxide met water een hydroxide wordt gevormd, noemt men de
metaaloxiden ook wel basevormende oxiden. (Geldt alleen voor oxiden uit groep IA en IIA.)

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