NR 509 midterm Exam | 74 Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

Cause of saddle numbness and urinary retention - Cauda equina syndrome Presentation of retinal detachment - If sudden visual loss is unilateral and painless, Obtunded - patient opens the eyes and looks at you but responds slowly and is somewhat confused. Alertness and interest in the environment are decreased. Cranial nerve for lateral gaze - CN6: Abducens Adult Illnesses - Medical: Illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); hospitalizations; number and gender of sexual partners; and risk-taking sexual practices ■ Surgical: Dates, indications, and types of operations ■ Obstetric/Gynecologic: Obstetric history, menstrual history, methods of contraception, and sexual function ■ Psychiatric: Illness and time frame, diagnoses, hospitalizations, and treatments Present Illness - chronologic description of the problems prompting the patient's visit, including the onset of the problem, the setting in which it developed, its manifestations, and any treatments to date.Each problem/symptom needs: (1) location; (2) quality; (3) quantity or severity; (4) timing, including onset, duration, and frequency; (5) the setting in which it occurs; (6) factors that have aggravated -meds, allergies, tobacco use, ETOH and drug use Absence of red reflex - an opacity of the lens (cataract) or, possibly, the vitreous (or even an artificial eye). Less commonly, a detached retina or, in children, a retinoblastoma may obscure this reflex. S/S of seasonal allergies - Itching, watery eyes, sneezing, ear congestion, postnasal drainagePresentation of optic neuritis - Enlarged blind spot, vision loss in 1 eye, loss of color vision, hole in center of vision, trouble seeing to the side, eye pain pityriasis rosea - Multiple round to oval scaling violaceous plaques on abdomen and back Acromion - tip of shoulder What to do for + finding on physical exam, but - workup - continue using test, but less lab and diagnostics Cause of falsely high BP - -too small of a BP cuff - if the brachial artery is below heart level - loose cuff - bladder that balloons outside the cuff Check for nystagmus - -involuntary jerking movement of the eyes with quick and slow components. - It is named for the direction of the quick component - seen in cerebellar disease and vestibular disorders and in internuclear ophthalmoplegia Jaundice - yellow sclera how do get a patient to open up when upset - effective reassurance is simply identifying and acknowledging the patient's feelings. -Partnering -Summarizing -Transitions - Empowering the pts/s of degenerative pain --Slowly progressive, with temporary exacerbations after periods of overuse -usually insidious - flexion and deviation deformities How otosclerosis presents with Weber and Rinne test - - Weber: Sound lateralizes to impaired ear. Room noise not well heard, so detection of vibrations improves - Rinne: BC longer than or equal to AC. While air conduction through the external or middle ear is impaired, vibrations through bone bypass the problem to reach the cochlea.