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Sociology glossary for AS/A level and GCSE
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provides key words and definitions for the best grades in aqa based sociology for GCSE to AS/Alevel
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Achieved status This is the respect a person has from something that they have donein their lives.
Ageism This is behaviour in which people are treated differently because of
age. Young and older people are particularly likely to experience
ageism.
Agency of A social institution which socialises people, for example, the family,
socialisation education, the mass media or religion.
Alternative status This is when you gain respect in a sub-culture, or a small group of
people.
Ascribed status This is the status or respect that you are born with an it can be based
on gender, or family, or ethnicity
Asylum seeker Person seeking to escape oppression or political violence in his or
her home country
Birth rate Number of babies born per thousand people
Blended family This is also known as a reconstructed family. A blended family has
parents and children from more than one relationship in it.
Britain This is the name of the large island that comprises Scotland, Wales
and England (sometimes called Great Britain)
Canalisation Parents try and push children in certain directions, for instance by
giving them gendered clothing
Capitalism This is the economic structure of countries such as the USA and
Britain where people acquire wealth through making profits.
Class Group of people of similar work, wealth, education and status
Class identity This is a way of seeing yourself as being part of a social class
Cohabitation People live together without marriage
Community A group of people with a shared culture
Comprehensive A type of school where people all have an equal chance to do well in
School education
Conform This means to follow social rules
Conjugal roles This is the work that is done in the home depending on the gender.
Consumption This means to use or to buy
Contemporary Happening now
, Crime This is an act that is against the law.
Cultural capital Cultural capital is the type of knowledge that can give you power over
other people.
Cultural relativity This is the idea that right and wrong depends upon the norms and
values of the culture to which you belong.
Cultural universal There are certain features of social life that are common to all
cultures. All societies share these features. Examples of cultural
universals are:
religions
families,
traditions
laws
norms
Culture This is the way of life of a group of people and consists of norms and
values.
Dark figure of The crime we do not know about is the ‘dark figure’ or sometimes the
crime ‘hidden figure’.
Death rate Number of people who die per thousand people (also called mortality
rate)
Delinquent A young criminal
Democracy This is a society where everyone has a right to have a say in who
governs him or her.
Deviant A deviant breaks social rules such as norms or values. Other people
see a deviant as either ‘mad’ or ‘bad’.
Devolution Power is moved from London to other areas of the country, so in
Wales, the Assembly has power to make rules
Dictatorship This is a society that is ruled by one person.
Differentiation This is the term used to describe the way that some people and
some social groups are made different from others. The most
common forms of differentiation are on the basis of social class, age,
gender and ethnicity.
Discrimination This is the power to act on a prejudice so that you act differently and
in a way that is unfair to people in some social groups.
Divorce The legal end of a marriage
Domestic labour Housework, or unpaid work in the home
Education The process of learning the skills needed for your culture
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