NYS EMT-B Written Review Questions with Correct Solutions

An EMS Provider responds to a call and finds an 8- yr old female with no pulse or respirations. The patient has a history of terminal brain cancer. The family states the last time she as seen alive was 5 mins prior to EMS being called. They also state patient has a DNR oder. In NYS, EMS personnel may accept which of the following DNR instruments as valid? - Written out-of-hospital DNR Implied Consent exists when a patient is suffering from a life-threatening injury or illness and is: - unconscious The opposite of distal is - Proximal The chamber of the heart that is most muscular and that pumps the most blood into the aorta is the - LEFT VENTRICLE In correct sequence (VERTEBRAE SECTIONS) - cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal **The purpose of the first set of vital signs is to: - establish a baseline for additional evaluations When you take the pulse of a patient, you are really - counting the pressure waves of blood that the heart sends through an artery In people whose skin is darkly pigmeneted, cyanosis is BEST seen by observing - under the tongue You are treating an alert 35-year old trauma patient. You palpate a strong radial pulse of 100. Your partner has taken the patient's blood pressure and advised you that it is 68/32. You should: - a- suspect the accuracy of the pressure reading and reevaluate it yourself **A correct statement about diastolic blood pressure is that it is the pressure - a-exists when the heart's left ventricle is refilling (OR heart Which of the following is an example of a symptom? -Cyanosis -Chest pain -Dilated pupils -Low BP - CHEST PAIN For a patient with a suspected lumbar spinal injury, the BEST device for moving the patient as a single unit over uneven terrain is the: -wheeled stretcher -long spine board -flexible stretcher -short spine board - *fleixble stretcher? Which of the following is the best indicator of the quality of ventilations -chest expansion -pupil size -blood pressure -skin color - CHEST EXPANSION Unless additional suctioning time is necessary to clear the airway, an adult patient should be suctioned for NO LONGER THAN - 15 seconds **During single-rescuer CPR, which of the following ventilation devices would be MOST effective for ventilating a patient - NRB - Pocket mask w/ oxygen - Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD) - BVM w/o oxygen - BVM w/o oxygen **While performing ventilations on an infant or child in respiratory arrest, you should ventilate every - 3-5 seconds **The oropharyngeal airway will help keep the tongue away from the - epiglottis You are called to the home of a patient who is on physician prescribed low-concentration oxygen and who is NOT in acute respiratory distress. Which type of oxygen delivery device should you use during transport? - NRB - Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD) - BVM w/ supplemental oxgyen - Nasal cannula - Non-rebreathing mask **An EMS provider is treating a patient who has a head injury resulting from a blow by a baseball bat. What other problem are likely to be present? - Hypothermia - Hypertensive shock due to blood loss - Spinal injuries - Lung collapse - Spinal injuries In a HEALTHY person, respiration is controlled by level - carbon dioxide - blood sugar - oxygen - carbon monoxide - carbon dioxide - normal stimulus to breathe: HIGH CO2 could be oxygen if talking ab process of repsiration In conducting the Primary Assessment of a conscious patient, the EMS provider must attend to the patient's emergency needs in the order of: - Respiration, Pulse, Bleeding A patient with acute respiratory distress requiring oxygen therapy is LEAST likely to exhibit: - a slow pulse rate - anxiety - nasal flaring - intercostal muscle retractions - a slow pulse rate After you have determined that the scene is safe, the FIRST step in caring for a patient is to: - check for a carotid pulse - open the airway - determine unresponsiveness - check for breathing - Determine unresponsiveness (GEN IMP, LOC, CC) **During the Prim. Assessment, you are assessing a conscious trauma patient complaining loudly of pain in the leg, you should: - begin to obtain the history - assess the leg immediately - discontinue the Primary Assessment and start the Detailed Physical Examination - continue with your Primary Assessment - Continue with Primary Assessment Which of the following measures is NOT part of the Primary Assessment of an accident victim? - assessing the pulse quality - manual stabilization of the cervical spine - suctioning of the airway - taking patient history - Taking patient history Any physical exam of a patient should begin with - inspection - manipulation - stabilization - palpation - inspection the "A" in the mnemonic AVPU stands for for - ALERT A 65-yr old male wa involve in a two motor vehicle crash. Upon examination, he complains of chest pain when breathing and tenderness of the sternum. Your INITIAL care should include: - stabilizing the sternum - positioning the patient on his side - administering high-concentration oxygen - administering the patient's prescribed nitroglycerin - Administering high-conc oxygen *When spinal injuries are suspected, the EMS provider should FIRST a hyperextend the neck to secure the airway b determine the extent of the paralysis c apply an extrication collar d apply manual stabilization and secure the airway - apply manual stabilization and secure the airway **For a trauma victim w/ a respiratory rate of 40/min, shallow and irregular, who is pale and has a history of emphysema, the MOST APPROPRIATE treatment would be to: a. use of a bvm w/ supp oxygen b. administer low-conc oxygen b/c of emphysema history c. administer supp oxygen w/ a high-conc mask d. transport the patient sitting up to ease the patient's dyspnea - Use of a BVM w/ supp. oxygen *If the EMS provider is unable to find a patient's peripheral pulse during a Primary Assessment, next step should be to: a. turn on the AED b. palpate the carotid pulse c. open the airway and insert an OPA d. check breathing and begin CPR - b. palpate the carotid pulse **While assessing the MOI of a motor vehicle crash, an EMS provider finds that the airbag has been deployed: The EMS provider should: a. decontaminate the patient b. remove the airbag c. disconnect the battery d. lift the airbag and check underneath for damage - d. lift the airbag and check underneath for damage *33. If life threatening conditions are identified during the focused history and physical exam, the EMT should immediately: a. repeat the Primary Assessment b. take vital signs c. begin transportation efforts d. prvide life-saving interventons - provide life-saving interventions