Class notes
College aantekeningen Innovation and entrepreneurship in context (MAN-MIE001-V-1)
- Course
- Institution
Summary of all lectures for the course Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Context taught by Professor Essers and Breet.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
JeroenJansens
Reviews received
Content preview
Innovation and Entrepreneurship in ContextAll lectures from the course MAN-MIE-001-2023
,Lecture 1
What is entrepreneurship? the presence of lucrative opportunities and the
presence of enterprising individuals (Shane & Venkataraman, 2000).
– ‘The examination of how, by whom, and with what effects opportunities to create
future goods and services are discovered, evaluated and exploited.’’
– Can include, but not requires, creation of new organizations. Can also occur in existing
organizations: intrapreneurship.
– Influence and interaction with institutional environment and so-called
ecosystems/opportunity structures (see next lecture) very important
Entrepreneurial opportunities
• Those situations in which new goods, services, raw materials, and organizing methods can
be introduced and sold at greater than their cost of production (Casson, 1982), at another
time, in another form or in another location
• These are objective, but recognition is a subjective process
• Individual can only earn profit if (s)he recognizes opportunity exists/has value
Why do some recognize opportunities, and others don’t?
1. Information corridors: possession of prior information necessary to identify an
opportunity (opp. structures and capital) re f.i. user needs.
2. Cognitive properties: vision of a good product or service and commercial
opportunities; risk-taking and prompt action.
Entrepreneurship and heroism
But; not always that heroic:
-Exploitation opportunity. not necessarily leads to success; 50% of all start-ups go bankrupt
after 5 years..... Why?
-Often through novo startups assumed; but opportunities also in
existing organizations (or sold to others)
Old/traditional ‘Trait school’
• -McClelland’s ‘key’ traits: pro-activity, assertiveness, strong 'internal locus of control', wish
for independence, high need for achievement, risk taking, innovative: a specific type
• -A somewhat bold, individual, ‘hero’
-But if these traits are biological, what’s the use of interventions (by policy makers)?
• -Or, can (things) be learned (to some extent)?
, • -How to explain deviant, successful entrepreneurs (in/from non- Western cultures f.i.?)
Criticism trait approach
• -Not dynamic enough; role of learning and preparation not enough included
• -Traits of people can change, and also many different traits by different
authors.....
Very few entrepreneurs possess all traits
• -How to define innovative? What do you find innovative?
• -Ignores culture, ethnicity, gender, and eco-systems!
It is improbable that entrepreneurship can be explained solely by reference to a
characteristic of certain people independent of the situations in which they find
themselves (Shane & Venkataraman 2000: 218).
Rather focus on ‘doing entrepreneurship’
• Our approach: people’s tendency to respond to the situational cues of opportunities; not to
define i.e. generalise a stable characteristic
• How is entrepreneurship in certain situations being ‘’done’’, and how do entrepreneurs
develop and apply their competences (learning!)
• And how is this entrepreneurship being done in relation to people’s identities? How do
entrepreneurs construct their entrepreneurial identities?
• So we focus on competences and identities, rather than universal (born) traits
• Competence refers to skills, expertise, being competent
• Entrepr. competences needed for business startup, growth, and successful
entrepreneurship (distinction with managerial competences, although some overlap)
• E.C. deeply rooted in person’s background (personality, attitudes, social role and self-
image) as well learned through work or training/education (knowledge and experience).
• Both entrepr. and managerial competences needed (in different stages)
Behavioral approach, process!
• Entrepreneurship part of complex process: a contextual event. Thus, important to study
what the entrepreneur does instead of what (s)he is.
• So: The entrepreneur is not a fixed state of existence, but rather a role that individuals
undertake to create new organizations or activities
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller JeroenJansens. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.09. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now