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Luchtbehandeling stap voor stap, compleet dictaat

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  • Course
  • Luchtbehandeling
  • Institution
  • Haagse Hogeschool (HHS)
  • Book
  • Toegepaste energietechniek / 2 Duurzame energie

In dit dictaat staan alle facetten beschreven van luchtbehandeling, 1 WARMTE & VOCHT IN LUCHT....................................................................................... 6 1.1 Inleiding .......................................................................................................

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Document information

  • October 7, 2017
  • 120
  • 2014/2015
  • Class notes
  • Unknown
  • All classes

Subjects

  • luchtbehandeling
  • latente warmte
  • h x diagram
  • vochtige lucht
  • warmtwisselaar
  • warmteoverdracht
  • warmtetrugwinning
  • filters
  • comfort
  • energietechniek
  • dampspanning
  • enthalpie

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  • Haagse Hogeschool (HHS)
  • Werktuigbouwkunde
  • Luchtbehandeling
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Luchtbehandeling
de principes

,Inhoudsopgave
1 WARMTE & VOCHT IN LUCHT ....................................................................................... 6
1.1 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................ 6
1.2 Samenstelling lucht ........................................................................................................... 6
1.2.1 Zuivere droge lucht ......................................................................................................................... 6
1.2.2 Vochtige lucht ................................................................................................................................. 6
1.3 Toestandsgrootheden ........................................................................................................ 7
1.3.1 Temperatuur ................................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.2 Absolute vochtigheid ...................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.3 Verzadigde dampspanning .............................................................................................................. 8
1.3.4 Partieeldruk..................................................................................................................................... 9
1.3.5 Maximaal vochtgehalte ................................................................................................................. 10
1.3.6 Relatieve vochtigheid .................................................................................................................... 11
1.3.7 Specifieke warmte......................................................................................................................... 12
1.3.8 De enthalpie van vochtige lucht.................................................................................................... 12
1.4 Het Mollier h-x diagram voor vochtige lucht .................................................................... 13
1.4.1 Opbouw van het h-x diagram ........................................................................................................ 13
1.4.2 Uiteindelijke vorm van het Mollier diagram ................................................................................. 15
1.5 Toestandsveranderingen in het Mollier diagram voor vochtige lucht ............................... 16
1.5.1 Verwarmen van lucht .................................................................................................................... 16
1.5.2 Koelen van lucht zonder vochtonttrekking ................................................................................... 17
1.5.3 Koelen van lucht met vochtonttrekking ........................................................................................ 18
1.5.4 Mengen van 2 condities lucht ....................................................................................................... 19
1.5.5 Mengen van lucht in het nevel gebied .......................................................................................... 21
1.5.6 Koelen van lucht in een warmte wisselaar.................................................................................... 23
1.5.7 Bevochtigen van lucht ................................................................................................................... 26
1.6 De natte boltemperatuur. ................................................................................................ 28
1.7 Bevochtiging van lucht door een wateroppervlak ............................................................ 30
1.7.1 Beschrijving van de gebieden........................................................................................................ 30
1.7.2 Berekenen enthalpie verandering water en lucht ........................................................................ 32
1.7.3 Rekenvoorbeelden. ....................................................................................................................... 34
1.8 De hoeveelheid verdampend water ................................................................................. 40
1.8.1 Tekeningen hx-diagram koeltoren ................................................................................................ 41
1.8.2 Meestroom ................................................................................................................................... 41
1.8.3 Tegenstroom ................................................................................................................................. 41

2 MAC-WAARDE & VENTILATIE ..................................................................................... 42
2.1 Inleiding .......................................................................................................................... 42
2.2 De vastgestelde norm/ MAC waarde ............................................................................... 42
2.2.1 De Arbo norm................................................................................................................................ 42
2.2.2 Toelaatbare Concentraties ............................................................................................................ 42
2.3 Ventilatie ......................................................................................................................... 44
2.3.1 Voorbeelden ................................................................................................................................. 45
2.4 Ventilatie methoden ........................................................................................................ 47
2.4.1 Natuurlijke ventilatie .................................................................................................................... 47
2.4.2 Mechanische ventilatie ................................................................................................................. 48
2.4.3 Vraaggestuurde ventilatie ............................................................................................................. 48
2.4.4 Hybride ventilatie .......................................................................................................................... 49
2.4.5 Infiltratie ....................................................................................................................................... 49



Pagina 2 van de 120

, 2.4.6 Circulatie ....................................................................................................................................... 49
2.4.7 Recirculatie ................................................................................................................................... 49
2.5 Rekenen met ventileren .................................................................................................. 50
2.5.1 Ventilatievoud ............................................................................................................................... 50
2.5.2 Circulatievoud ............................................................................................................................... 50
2.5.3 Voorbeeld ..................................................................................................................................... 50

3 BEHAAGLIJKHEID ....................................................................................................... 51
3.1 Inleiding .......................................................................................................................... 51
3.2 Behaaglijkheidsmodel van Fanger .................................................................................... 51
3.3 Persoonlijk invloed .......................................................................................................... 53
3.3.1 Wettelijke bepaling ....................................................................................................................... 53
3.3.2 Menselijke activiteit ...................................................................................................................... 53
3.4 Kledinginvloeden ............................................................................................................. 55
3.4.1 Warmteweerstand van de kleding ................................................................................................ 55
3.4.2 Interne warmteontwikkeling van een persoon ............................................................................. 56
3.5 Binnenklimaatse invloeden .............................................................................................. 57
3.5.1 Luchtemperatuur .......................................................................................................................... 57
3.5.2 Gemiddelde stralingstemperatuur ................................................................................................ 57
3.5.3 Luchtsnelheid ................................................................................................................................ 58
3.5.4 Luchtvochtigheid ........................................................................................................................... 58
3.6 Aanpassend comfort ........................................................................................................ 59
3.7 Aanbevelingen binnenklimaat ......................................................................................... 61
3.8 Conclusie ......................................................................................................................... 62
4 ZONINSTRALING ........................................................................................................ 63
4.1 Inleiding .......................................................................................................................... 63
4.2 Warmte ........................................................................................................................... 64
4.2.1 Infiltratielucht ............................................................................................................................... 64
4.2.2 Afgegeven geaccumuleerde warmte ............................................................................................ 64
4.2.3 Interne warmtebronnen ............................................................................................................... 64
4.2.4 Transmissiewarmte ....................................................................................................................... 64
4.2.5 Doorgelaten zonnewarmte ........................................................................................................... 64
4.3 Zoninstraling.................................................................................................................... 65
4.3.1 Hoogte .......................................................................................................................................... 65
4.3.2 Hoek van instraling........................................................................................................................ 66
4.3.3 Diffuse straling .............................................................................................................................. 67
4.3.4 Berekening .................................................................................................................................... 67
4.4 Tabellen........................................................................................................................... 68
4.4.1 Schaduwfactor b ........................................................................................................................... 68
4.4.3 Zonne-instraling I .......................................................................................................................... 69
4.4.5 Dempingfactor d ........................................................................................................................... 70

5 INSTALLATIES ............................................................................................................. 71
5.1 Roosters .......................................................................................................................... 71
5.1.1 Luchttoevoerroosters.................................................................................................................... 71
5.1.2 Wand- en kanaalroosters .............................................................................................................. 72
5.1.3 Plafondroosters ............................................................................................................................. 73
5.1.4 Vloerroosters ................................................................................................................................ 73
5.1.5 Geperforeerde plafonds................................................................................................................ 74



Pagina 3 van de 120

, 5.1.6 Afvoerroosters .............................................................................................................................. 74
5.1.7 Luchtverdeling............................................................................................................................... 75
5.2 De basisprincipes van luchtverspreidingssystemen .......................................................... 75
5.3 Methoden voor de toe– en afvoer van lucht in gebouwen ............................................... 76
5.3.1 Textiele luchtzakken...................................................................................................................... 76
5.3.2 KE-Low Impulse System ................................................................................................................ 77
5.3.3 KE-Interior System ........................................................................................................................ 77
5.3.4 KE-Inject System ............................................................................................................................ 78
5.3.5 KE-DireJet System ......................................................................................................................... 78
5.4 Ventilatoren .................................................................................................................... 79
5.4.1 Radiale ventilator .......................................................................................................................... 80
5.4.2 Axiale ventilator ............................................................................................................................ 81
5.5 Luchtfilters ...................................................................................................................... 83
5.5.1 Wegwerpfilters ............................................................................................................................. 83
5.5.2 Gevouwen luchtfilters ................................................................................................................... 83
5.5.3 Zakkenfilters .................................................................................................................................. 83
5.5.4 Absoluutfilters ............................................................................................................................... 83
5.5.5 Paneelfilters .................................................................................................................................. 83
5.5.6 Rolfilter ......................................................................................................................................... 84
5.5.7 Elektrostatische luchtfilters .......................................................................................................... 84
5.5.8 Actief koolfilters ............................................................................................................................ 84
5.6 Luchtkleppen ................................................................................................................... 86
5.6.1 De omslagklep ............................................................................................................................... 86
5.6.2 Vlinderklep .................................................................................................................................... 86
5.6.3 Jaloeziekleppen ............................................................................................................................. 86
5.7 Luchtbevochtigers ........................................................................................................... 88
5.7.1 Matten- en pakketbevochtiger ..................................................................................................... 88
5.7.2 Hybride bevochtiger...................................................................................................................... 88
5.7.3 Persluchtbevochtiger .................................................................................................................... 88
5.7.4 Wervelbevochtiger ........................................................................................................................ 89
5.7.5 Infrasone bevochtiger ................................................................................................................... 89
5.7.6 Ultrasone bevochtiger................................................................................................................... 90
5.7.7 Bevochtiging met stoom ............................................................................................................... 90
5.8 Luchtbevochtiginginstallatie Inholland A-gebouw ............................................................ 91
5.8.1 Warmte-inbreng ........................................................................................................................... 91
5.8.2 Bacteriën en schimmels ................................................................................................................ 92

6 VOELBARE & LATENTE WARMTE ................................................................................ 93
6.1 Inleiding .......................................................................................................................... 93
6.2 Rekenvoorbeelden .......................................................................................................... 97
6.3 Rekenen met vaste condities ......................................................................................... 101
7 WARMTETERUGWINNING........................................................................................ 102
7.1 Overzicht warmteterugwinningssystemen ..................................................................... 102
7.1.1 Regeneratieve systemen ............................................................................................................. 102
7.1.2 Recuperatieve systemen ............................................................................................................. 102
7.2 Bijzondere vormen van warmteterugwinsystemen ........................................................ 103
7.2.1 Berekening warmtewinst ............................................................................................................ 103
7.3 Temperatuur & vocht rendement .................................................................................. 104
7.3.1 Temperatuurrendement ............................................................................................................. 104
7.3.2 Vochtrendement ......................................................................................................................... 104


Pagina 4 van de 120

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