NUR 212 Exam 2: Questions &
Answers
What is the normal range of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?
(Ans- 10 - 20 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine?
(Ans- 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine Clearance?
(Ans- 60 - 135 mL/min/sec
What is the normal range of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
(Ans- 90 - 120 mL/min
What is the normal range for Urine Specific
Gravity? (Ans- 1.001 - 1.035
What is the normal range for
Hematocrit? (Ans- Male: 42 - 52%
Female: 37 - 47%
What is the normal range for
Hemoglobin? (Ans- 12 - 18 g/dL
What is the normal range for Platelets?
(Ans- 150,000 - 400,000 cells/mcL
What are causes/risk factors for
Glomerulonephritis? (Ans-
-Diabetic Nephropathy
-Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
-Hypertension
,-Goodpasture Syndrome
-Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
-Infective Endocarditis
-Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
-Viral infections (HIV, hepatitis B and C)
-Polyarteritis
-Wegener's Granulomatosis
-Amyloidosis
-Illegal drug use
What are the manifestations of Acute Poststreptococcal
Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)?
(Ans- Generalized body edema, hypertension, oliguria,
hematuria and varying degrees of proteinuria.
What is smoky urine an indicator
of? (Ans- Bleeding in the upper
urinary tract.
Where does edema first appear?
(Ans- In low pressure tissues such as those around the eyes
(periorbital edema.)
What type of diet should a person with Acute
Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis be on?
(Ans- A low protein, low sodium fluid restricted diet.
What is Chronic Glomerulonephritis characterized by?
(Ans- Proteinuria, hematuria and the slow development of uremia
because of decreasing renal function. It can progress toward
ESRD over a course of several years.
What are the manifestations of Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans- Varying degrees of hematuria (ranging from microscopic to
gross), proteinuria, and urinary excretion of various formed
elements, including red
, blood cells, WBCs, and casts. Increased BUN and serum creatinine
levels are common.
What are the preferred diagnostic measures for
Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans- Ultrasound and CT scan.
How do you diagnose the type of Glomerulonephritis present?
(Ans- A comprehensive history, including any recent infection,
such as a sore throat, or upper respiratory tract infection, or a
diagnosis of diabetes can aid in identifying the type present.
What are the common causes of Nephrotic Syndrome?
(Ans-
-Acute Glomerulonephritis
-Membranous Glomerulopathy
-Primary Nephrotic Syndrome
-Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
-Bee sting
-Pollen
-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
-Leukemia
-Solid tumors of lungs, colon, stomach, breast
-Drugs (captopril, heroin, NSAIDs, penicillamine)
-Bacteria (streptococcal, syphilis)
-Protozoa (malaria)
-Viruses (hepatitis, HIV, mononucleosis)
-Amyloidosis
-Diabetes
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
What are the manifestations of Nephrotic Syndrome?
(Ans- Peripheral edema, massive proteinuria, hypertension,
hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia and foamy urine.
Answers
What is the normal range of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?
(Ans- 10 - 20 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine?
(Ans- 0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL
What is the normal range of Creatinine Clearance?
(Ans- 60 - 135 mL/min/sec
What is the normal range of Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)?
(Ans- 90 - 120 mL/min
What is the normal range for Urine Specific
Gravity? (Ans- 1.001 - 1.035
What is the normal range for
Hematocrit? (Ans- Male: 42 - 52%
Female: 37 - 47%
What is the normal range for
Hemoglobin? (Ans- 12 - 18 g/dL
What is the normal range for Platelets?
(Ans- 150,000 - 400,000 cells/mcL
What are causes/risk factors for
Glomerulonephritis? (Ans-
-Diabetic Nephropathy
-Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
-Hypertension
,-Goodpasture Syndrome
-Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
-Infective Endocarditis
-Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
-Viral infections (HIV, hepatitis B and C)
-Polyarteritis
-Wegener's Granulomatosis
-Amyloidosis
-Illegal drug use
What are the manifestations of Acute Poststreptococcal
Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)?
(Ans- Generalized body edema, hypertension, oliguria,
hematuria and varying degrees of proteinuria.
What is smoky urine an indicator
of? (Ans- Bleeding in the upper
urinary tract.
Where does edema first appear?
(Ans- In low pressure tissues such as those around the eyes
(periorbital edema.)
What type of diet should a person with Acute
Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis be on?
(Ans- A low protein, low sodium fluid restricted diet.
What is Chronic Glomerulonephritis characterized by?
(Ans- Proteinuria, hematuria and the slow development of uremia
because of decreasing renal function. It can progress toward
ESRD over a course of several years.
What are the manifestations of Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans- Varying degrees of hematuria (ranging from microscopic to
gross), proteinuria, and urinary excretion of various formed
elements, including red
, blood cells, WBCs, and casts. Increased BUN and serum creatinine
levels are common.
What are the preferred diagnostic measures for
Chronic Glomerulonephritis?
(Ans- Ultrasound and CT scan.
How do you diagnose the type of Glomerulonephritis present?
(Ans- A comprehensive history, including any recent infection,
such as a sore throat, or upper respiratory tract infection, or a
diagnosis of diabetes can aid in identifying the type present.
What are the common causes of Nephrotic Syndrome?
(Ans-
-Acute Glomerulonephritis
-Membranous Glomerulopathy
-Primary Nephrotic Syndrome
-Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
-Bee sting
-Pollen
-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
-Leukemia
-Solid tumors of lungs, colon, stomach, breast
-Drugs (captopril, heroin, NSAIDs, penicillamine)
-Bacteria (streptococcal, syphilis)
-Protozoa (malaria)
-Viruses (hepatitis, HIV, mononucleosis)
-Amyloidosis
-Diabetes
-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
What are the manifestations of Nephrotic Syndrome?
(Ans- Peripheral edema, massive proteinuria, hypertension,
hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia and foamy urine.
