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Samenvatting GOEDE EN VOLLEDIGE SV BESTUURSKUNDE - Wouter Van Dooren
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BESTUURSKUNDEJulie Van der Mueren
2022-2023
, Julie Van der Mueren
Inhoudsopgave
LES 1: BUREAUCRATIE, DEMOCRATIE EN RECHTSSTAAT .................................................................................. 5
OVERHEID EN MAATSCHAPPIJ ............................................................................................................................ 5
WAT IS EEN STAAT? ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Anarchisme .................................................................................................................................................... 8
Libertarisme ................................................................................................................................................... 9
DEMOCRATISCHE RECHTSSTAAT ...................................................................................................................... 10
Democratie: definitie van Robert Dahl ........................................................................................................ 11
Recht ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
Bureaucratie ................................................................................................................................................ 12
DE DEMOCRATISCHE RECHTSSTAAT ONDER DRUK .......................................................................................... 13
POLITIEKE INSTITUTIES ONDER DRUK .......................................................................................................... 14
RECHTSSYSTEEM ONDER DRUK ................................................................................................................... 15
BUREAUCRATIE ONDER DRUK ..................................................................................................................... 16
LES 2: GOED BESTUUR ................................................................................................................................... 17
NORMATIEVE KADERS ...................................................................................................................................... 17
EFFICIËNTIE EN EFFECTIVITEIT .......................................................................................................................... 19
SIGMA: SCHERP EN DOELGERICHT............................................................................................................... 19
THETA: OPEN EN INTEGER ................................................................................................................................ 20
LAMBDA: ROBUUST EN VEERKRACHTIG ........................................................................................................... 22
LES 3: PUBLIEK EN PRIVAAT DOMEIN ............................................................................................................ 26
PUBLIEKE EN PRIVATE INVLOEDSSFEREN ......................................................................................................... 27
PUBLIEKE EN PRIVATE GOEDEREN .................................................................................................................... 28
PUBLIEKE EN PRIVATE ORGANISATIES .............................................................................................................. 30
PUBLIEKE EN PRIVATE VERBINDINGEN ............................................................................................................. 38
LES 4: GESCHIEDENIS..................................................................................................................................... 42
HISTORISCHE SCHETS BESTUURSKUNDE........................................................................................................... 42
NACHTWAKERSTAAT (1800 – 1870) ............................................................................................................ 42
INFRASTRUCTUURSTAAT (1870 – 1919) ...................................................................................................... 44
WELVAARTSTAAT (1919 – 1973) .................................................................................................................. 47
ONDERNEMENDE STAAT (1973 – 2000) ...................................................................................................... 50
DE NETWERKENSTAAT (2000 – VANDAAG) ................................................................................................. 52
LES 5: VAN BUREAUCRATIE TOT NEW PUBLIC GOVERNANCE ......................................................................... 54
WEBERIAANSE BUREAUCRATIE ........................................................................................................................ 54
HET IDEAALTYPE .......................................................................................................................................... 55
KRITIEK OP BUREAUCRATIEËN .......................................................................................................................... 57
POLITIEK FILOSOFISCHE KRITIEK .................................................................................................................. 57
BESTUURSSOCIOLOGISCHE KRITIEK (CROZIER) ............................................................................................ 58
NEW RIGHT KRITIEK (ECONOMISCHE KRITIEK) ............................................................................................ 60
NEW PUBLIC MANAGMENT .............................................................................................................................. 62
ONTSTAAN NPM .......................................................................................................................................... 62
KENMERKEN................................................................................................................................................. 62
KRITIEKEN .................................................................................................................................................... 64
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, Julie Van der Mueren
NEW PUBLIC GOVERNANCE .............................................................................................................................. 65
Wicked problems (Rittel & Webber, 1973) .................................................................................................. 65
VERGELIJKING TUSSEN PARADIGMA’S.............................................................................................................. 66
BESLUIT ............................................................................................................................................................. 67
LES 6: DE FEDERALE OVERHEID...................................................................................................................... 68
BASIS STRUCTUUR ............................................................................................................................................ 68
BEVOEGDHEDEN ............................................................................................................................................... 68
BEVOEGDHEIDSCONFLICTEN & BELANGENCONFLICTEN .................................................................................. 69
POLITIEK BESTUURLIJKE INSTELLINGEN ............................................................................................................ 70
ANDERE INSTELLINGEN..................................................................................................................................... 71
ADMINISTRATIEVE INSTELLINGEN .................................................................................................................... 72
ANDERE FEDERALE INSTELLINGEN.................................................................................................................... 73
INSTELLINGEN SOCIALE ZEKERHEID .................................................................................................................. 74
OVERHEIDSBEDRIJVEN...................................................................................................................................... 75
LEGER ........................................................................................................................................................... 76
POLITIE ......................................................................................................................................................... 77
JUSTITIE ............................................................................................................................................................ 78
ACTOREN ..................................................................................................................................................... 79
PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................................................... 79
STRAFZAAK BIJ MISDRIJVEN......................................................................................................................... 80
FINANCIËN ........................................................................................................................................................ 81
LES 7: DE REGIONALE OVERHEDEN ................................................................................................................ 82
VLAAMSE OVERHEID......................................................................................................................................... 84
REGERINGSAGENDA..................................................................................................................................... 84
INKOMSTEN ................................................................................................................................................. 85
UITGAVEN .................................................................................................................................................... 86
ADMINISTRATIEVE INSTELLINGEN ............................................................................................................... 86
FRANSTALIGE EN BRUSSELSE OVERHEID .......................................................................................................... 89
BEVOEGDHEDEN .......................................................................................................................................... 89
BRUSSEL ....................................................................................................................................................... 89
FRANSE GEMEENSCHAP............................................................................................................................... 90
WAALS GEWEST ........................................................................................................................................... 91
BRUSSELS HOOFDSTEDELIJK GEWEST .......................................................................................................... 91
DUITSTALIGE GEMEENSCHAP ...................................................................................................................... 92
LES 8: LOKALE BESTUREN .............................................................................................................................. 93
LOKALE BESTUREN IN BELGIË ........................................................................................................................... 93
STAATSHERVORMING .................................................................................................................................. 93
Aantallen en soorten ................................................................................................................................... 94
Fusies ........................................................................................................................................................... 94
Fusies en de optimale schaal ............................................................................................................................ 95
Autonomie ................................................................................................................................................... 97
Toezicht........................................................................................................................................................ 97
LOKALE FINANCIËN ........................................................................................................................................... 98
LOKALE INKOMSTEN .................................................................................................................................... 98
UITGAVEN .................................................................................................................................................... 99
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, Julie Van der Mueren
PROVINCIES.................................................................................................................................................. 99
POLITIEK- BESTUURLIJKE INSTELLINGEN......................................................................................................... 100
Administratieve instellingen ........................................................................................................................... 101
NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT (NPM) – LOKAAL ......................................................................................... 102
NETWERKVERBANDEN ............................................................................................................................... 102
ANDERE LOKALE ACTOREN ............................................................................................................................. 103
INTERGEMEENTELIJKE SAMENWERKING ................................................................................................... 103
NETWERKVERBANDEN – STREEKCOMMUNALE ......................................................................................... 104
POLITIEZONES ............................................................................................................................................ 104
HULPVERLENINGSZONES ........................................................................................................................... 105
DECENTRALISATIE – DEBAT........................................................................................................................ 105
LES 9: REGULERING EN BELEIDS-INSTRUMENTATIE ..................................................................................... 107
DE INSTRUMENTEN VAN DE OVERHEID ......................................................................................................... 107
WAT IS REGULERING....................................................................................................................................... 108
VERKEERSREGELEMENT ............................................................................................................................. 109
STRAATPROSTITUTIE .................................................................................................................................. 109
ONBEWOONBARE PANDEN ....................................................................................................................... 110
WAAROM WERKEN REGELS ............................................................................................................................ 110
IS DIT EEN GOEDE REGEL? ......................................................................................................................... 110
Waarom reguleren?........................................................................................................................................ 111
WIE WORDT GEREGULEERD ........................................................................................................................... 112
HOE REGULEREN............................................................................................................................................. 113
REGULERENDE STAAT ..................................................................................................................................... 114
LIBERALISERING EN PRIVATISERING – NMBS ............................................................................................. 114
WAAROM DEZE GROEI IN REGULERENDE AGENTSCHAPPEN? .................................................................. 115
RESPONSIVE REGULATION ......................................................................................................................... 116
VORMEN VAN HANDHAVING .................................................................................................................... 116
LES 10: POLITIEK-AMBTELIJKE VERHOUDINGEN .......................................................................................... 118
DICHOTOMIE .................................................................................................................................................. 118
COMPLEXERE MODELLEN ............................................................................................................................... 119
DICHOTOMIE ACHTERHAALD? ................................................................................................................... 120
WAAROM BLIJFT DE DICHOTOMIE ZO AANWEZIG IN HET DISCOURS? ..................................................... 120
INVLOED VAN CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................. 123
RELATIE AMBTENAREN – POLITIEK IS GEMEDIEERD DOOR DE CONTEXT .................................................. 123
PRAKTIJK IN BELGIË......................................................................................................................................... 124
VOORAF: HOE WORDT MEN AMBTENAAR ................................................................................................ 124
POLITIEKE BENOEMINGEN ......................................................................................................................... 125
MINISTERIËLE KABINETTEN........................................................................................................................ 126
SAMENVATTEND............................................................................................................................................. 129
LES 11: BESTUUR, BURGER EN MIDDENVELD ............................................................................................... 130
VERTROUWEN EN LEGITIMITEIT ..................................................................................................................... 130
LEGITIMITEIT VS TRUST .............................................................................................................................. 131
COMPLEXE RELATIE.................................................................................................................................... 132
EXIT, VOICE, LOYALITY ............................................................................................................................... 133
ROLLEN: KLANT, OPPONENT, PARTICIPANT ................................................................................................... 134
KLANTENROL .............................................................................................................................................. 134
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