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Summary Jan 2017 Exam Answers

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A summary of Jan 2017 exam answers

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  • October 20, 2017
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  • 2017/2018
  • Exam (elaborations)
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January 2017 Answers

Question 1

A. Define reliability and discuss two forms of reliability where error variance due to time
sampling might affect the magnitude of the reliability coefficient

 Reliability of a measure refers to the consistency with which it measures what it is supposed
to measure
 Reliability = consistency of a measure
 Where consistency lies there is always a certain amount of error
 Two forms where error variance due to time sampling might affect the magnitude of the
reliability coefficient
 1. Test-Retest Reliability
 Administer it twice to the same set of group test-takers
 Coefficient is called the coefficient of stability
 Physical environment, testing conditions may contribute to systematic error variance
 Transfer effects such as practice and memory play a role on second testing occasion
 The magnitude of the reliability measure coefficient – is whether or not this is reliable
 Standardized measures should be between .80 and .90
 2. Alternative-Form Reliability
 Two equivalent forms of the same measure are administered to the same group on two
separate occasions
 The coefficient obtained between the sets of scores represent the reliability coefficient – also
called the coefficient of variance
 This coefficient must range between .80 and .90 to be accepted
 However the magnitude of the reliability coefficient can be effected
 Because these measures have to be truly equivalent (should have the exact same number)
 Similar to test-retest – transfer effects can contribute



B. Required magnitude of a reliability coefficient
 Depending on what measures is used for depends on when the reliability coefficient is
acceptable
 Standardized measures should have reliabilities between .80 and .90
 One researcher (Huysamen) suggests that it should be higher than .85 for individuals and
higher than .65 for groups



Question 2

A psychologist assess two children experiencing the same difficulties. Both children are in Grade 1
and are experiencing difficulty in all academic areas. The first child’s age is 7 years, 2 months and the
second child’s age is 7 years, 3 months. Their teachers have complained that the children find it
difficult to remain focused for extended periods of time and that they are disruptive I the classroom.
They often interrupt the teacher and struggle to wait their turn. Both display very immature social
behaviour, are impulsive and often require adult support to resolve minor conflicts with peers in the
same grade. Both children have completed Grade R, but still do not know all the letters of the
alphabet.

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