Chemistry Grade 12 IEB Physical Sciences Paper 2

Chemistry Grade 12 IEB Physical Sciences Paper 2 mole - SI unit for amount of substance molar mass - The mass in grams of one mole of a substance Solution - A homogenous mixture of solute and solvent solute - A substance that is dissolved in a solution. solvent - The substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution concentration - The amount of solute per unit volume of solution yield - A measure of the extent of a reaction, generally measured by comparing the amount of product against the amount that is possible intramolecular bonds - A bond which occurs between atoms within molecules covalent bond - A sharing of at least one pair of electrons by two non-metal atoms non-polar covalent - An equal sharing of electrons polar covalent - Unequal sharing of electrons leading to a dipole forming electronegativity - A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons ionic bond - A transfer of electrons and subsequently electrostatic attraction metallic bonding - A bond between a positive kernel and a sea of delocalised electrons intermolecular forces - A weak force of attraction between molecules, ions, or atoms of noble gases heat of reaction - The net change of chemical potential energy of the system exothermic reactions - Reactions which transform chemical potential energy into thermal energy endothermic reactions - reactions which transform thermal energy into chemical potential energy activation energy - The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction activated complex - Continues...