Maatschappijgeschiedenis I: van de oudheid tot vroegmodern Europa
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Samenvatting Maatschappijgeschiedenis 1 - 2021
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Maatschappijgeschiedenis I: van de oudheid tot vroegmodern Europa
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
Dit is een samenvatting van de lessen Maatschappijgeschiedenis 1, geschreven in en gedoceerd door Paul Erdkamp en George Declercq. Het geeft een beknopt overzicht van de lessen, dus niet van het de verplichte boeken. Ik slaagde in eerste zit voor dit vak.
Maatschappijgeschiedenis I: van de oudheid tot vroegmodern Europa
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Maatschappijgeschiedenis 1
Klassieke Oudheid: De Griekse Wereld
1) De donkere eeuwen (1200 v.C. – 750 v.C.)..........................................................................................4
2) De archaïsche periode (750 v.C. – 500 v.C.)........................................................................................4
2.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Verandering: demografisch & economisch...................................................................................4
2.2.1 De polis..................................................................................................................................4
2.2.2 Kolonisatie.............................................................................................................................5
2.3 Verandering: sociaal......................................................................................................................5
2.4 Verandering: militair.....................................................................................................................5
2.5 Verandering: cultuur.....................................................................................................................5
2.6 Verandering: politiek....................................................................................................................5
2.6.1 Tirannie..................................................................................................................................6
2.6.2 Sparta.....................................................................................................................................6
2.6.3 Athene...................................................................................................................................6
3) De klassieke periode (500 v.C. – 330 v.C.)...........................................................................................7
3.1 Bestuurlijke hervormingen............................................................................................................7
3.1.1 machtige leiders.....................................................................................................................7
3.1.2 voordelen voor burgers en niet-burgers................................................................................7
3.2 Een periode van oorlog.................................................................................................................7
3.2.1 De Perzische oorlogen...........................................................................................................7
3.2.2 Sparta en Athene na 479 vC...................................................................................................7
3.2.3 De Peloponnesische oorlog....................................................................................................8
3.2.4 de jaren 404-336....................................................................................................................8
3.2.5 bevolking van Athene in 5e – 4e eeuw vC...............................................................................8
4) De hellenistische tijd..........................................................................................................................9
4.1 Alexander de Grote (356-323 vC)..................................................................................................9
4.1.1 De dood van Alexander & de Diadochen...............................................................................9
4.2 nieuwe steden volgens het polis-model.......................................................................................9
1) Het vroege Rome..............................................................................................................................10
2) De Romeinse Republiek....................................................................................................................10
2.1 Romeinse oorlogvoering.............................................................................................................11
2.1.1 oorzaken van oorlog............................................................................................................11
2.1.2 Punische oorlogen...............................................................................................................11
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, 2.1.3 Romeinse expansie..............................................................................................................11
2.1.4 Romeinse provincies............................................................................................................11
2.2 Politieke crises............................................................................................................................11
2.2.1 T. Semperonius Gracchus.....................................................................................................11
2.2.2 C. Semperonius Gracchus....................................................................................................11
2.2.3 politieke crises 130-30 vC....................................................................................................12
2.2.4 Marius en de legerhervormingen........................................................................................12
2.2.5 De bondgenotenoorlog 91-89 vC.........................................................................................12
3) De Romeinse keizertijd.....................................................................................................................12
3.1 Het principaat.............................................................................................................................12
3.1.1 Nieuwe bestuursstructuur...................................................................................................13
3.1.2 Oorlogvoeren.......................................................................................................................13
1) Inleiding............................................................................................................................................14
1. Chronologische afbakening:..........................................................................................................14
2. Algemene kenmerken van de middeleeuwen...............................................................................14
3. Contacten met de rest van de wereld...........................................................................................14
2) De christianisering van het westen...................................................................................................15
2.1 De kerstening in 2 fasen:.............................................................................................................15
2.1.1 Externe christianisering.......................................................................................................15
2.1.2 Interne christianisering........................................................................................................15
2.1.3 Heiligencultus......................................................................................................................15
2.1.4 Kloosterwezen.....................................................................................................................15
3) Het Karolingische rijk........................................................................................................................16
3.1 De sacrale monarchie.................................................................................................................16
3.1.1 Inspiratie..............................................................................................................................16
3.1.2 De gelijkstelling van kerk en rijk...........................................................................................16
3.1.3 Het Karolingische programma..............................................................................................16
3.1.4 De Karolingische renaissance...............................................................................................16
4) De wedergeboorte van de staat.......................................................................................................17
4.1 toename vorstelijke macht.........................................................................................................17
4.2 uitbreiding publiekrechtelijk domein..........................................................................................17
4.3 inrichten van het bestuursapparaat............................................................................................17
4.4 betere financiele instellingen......................................................................................................17
4.5 Reacties op de toegenomen vorstelijke macht...........................................................................18
5) De hervorming van de kerk...............................................................................................................18
5.1 de Gregoriaanse hervormingen..................................................................................................18
5.1.1 De strijd tegen 3 mistoestanden..........................................................................................18
2
, 5.1.2 De investituurstrijd..............................................................................................................19
5.1.3 De kerk o.l.v. de Paus...........................................................................................................19
5.1.4 de Pauselijke monarchie......................................................................................................19
6) De Middeleeuwse stad.....................................................................................................................19
Van handelspost tot stad..............................................................................................................19
Handel en nijverheid.....................................................................................................................20
Kooplieden....................................................................................................................................20
Emancipatie van steden................................................................................................................20
Stedelijke autonomie....................................................................................................................20
Verdere evolutie...........................................................................................................................20
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