Samenvatting van de hoofdstukken 2 tot en met 8 van het boek 'ontwikkeling in vogelvlucht' zesde druk. Bij hoofdstuk 2 missen kernschetsen; 1,2,3,7,8,9,14 en 17 en bij hoofdstuk 3: 11,16,17,18
Titel: Ontwikkeling in vogelvlucht
Druk: 6e druk, 2015
Auteur Martine F. Delfos
Uitgever: Pearson Assessment and information
ISBN: 9789026522789
Aantal hoofdstukken in het boek: 11
Aantal pagina’s in het boek: 423
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 2: Invloedrijke theoretici over de menselijke ontwikkeling...................................................5
2.4 Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) Rusland – ontwikkeling door leren........................................................5
2.4 John Watson (1878-1958) Verenigde staten– ontwikkeling door leren........................................5
2.4 Burrhus Skinner (1905-1990) Verenigde staten– ontwikkeling door leren....................................5
2.5 Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Oostenrijk – De psychoseksuele ontwikkeling.................................6
2.6 Maria Montessori (1870-1952) Italië – De sensitieve perioden van ontwikkeling........................8
2.10 Jean Piaget (1896-1980) Zwitserland – De cognitieve ontwikkeling............................................8
2.11 Lev S. Vygotsky (1896-1934) Rusland/Sovjet Unie- De zones van naaste en actuele
ontwikkeling.......................................................................................................................................9
2.12 Erik Erikson (1902-1994) Denemarken/Duitsland – De psychosociale ontwikkeling...................9
2.13 Ernest Schachtel (1903-1975) Duitsland – De kindertijdervaringen..........................................10
2.15 John Bowlby (1907-1990) Engeland – Het vormen van gehechtheid........................................10
2.16 Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) Verenigde Staten – de humanistische psychologie..................11
2.18 Albert Bandura (1925) Verenigde staten – Het sociaal leren....................................................12
2.19 Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) Verenigde Staten – De morele ontwikkeling..........................13
2.20 Noam Chomsky (1928) Verenigde Staten – De taalontwikkeling..............................................13
2.21 Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy (1920 – 2007) Hongarije – Loyaliteit: de onverbrekelijke band tussen
ouders en kinderen...........................................................................................................................13
Hoofdstuk 3: Ontwikkelingsschema’s...................................................................................................14
3.1 Jean-Jacques Rousseau – De natuurlijke ontwikkeling................................................................14
3.2 Sigmund Freud – De psychologische ontwikkeling......................................................................15
3.3 Maria Montessori – Sensitieve perioden van ontwikkeling.........................................................15
3.4 Carl Gustav Jung – De levensloop van de mens..........................................................................16
3.5 Arnold Gesell- De oog- handcoördinatie.....................................................................................16
3.6 Jean Piaget – De cognitieve ontwikkeling...................................................................................16
3.7 Erik Erikson – De psychoseksuele en sociale ontwikkeling..........................................................17
3.8 Ernest Schachtel – De kindertijdervaringen................................................................................18
3.9 John Bowlby/ Mahler – Gehechtheid/individuatie.....................................................................18
3.10 Lawrence Kohlberg – De morele ontwikkeling..........................................................................19
3.12 Motorische ontwikkeling..........................................................................................................20
3.13 Taalontwikkeling.......................................................................................................................20
3.14 de ontwikkeling van het geheugen...........................................................................................21
3.15 Spelontwikkeling.......................................................................................................................22
Hoofdstuk 4: Rode draden in de ontwikkelingspsychologie..................................................................22
4.1 De ontwikkelingspsychologie......................................................................................................23
2
, 4.2 Nature versus nurture.................................................................................................................23
4.3 Rijping als derde factor...............................................................................................................23
4.4 Groeipotentie.............................................................................................................................24
4.5 Kindgerichte opvoeding..............................................................................................................25
4.6 De evolutionaire stroming..........................................................................................................25
4.7 De psychoanalytische stroming..................................................................................................25
4.8 De leertheoretische stroming.....................................................................................................26
4.9 De sociale leertheorie.................................................................................................................26
4.10 Straf en beloning.......................................................................................................................26
4.11 De cognitieve ontwikkelingspsychologische stroming...............................................................27
4.12 De universele taal.....................................................................................................................27
4.13 De wijsheid van het lichaam.....................................................................................................27
4.14 Het luisteren naar de innerlijke stem........................................................................................28
4.15 Opvoeding................................................................................................................................28
4.16 Beschermende factoren en risicofactoren................................................................................28
Hoofdstuk 5: Baby- en peutertijd..........................................................................................................30
5.1 Afstamming.................................................................................................................................30
5.2 Sekse...........................................................................................................................................31
5.3 Ontwikkelingstaken.....................................................................................................................31
5.4 Belang van de zintuig..................................................................................................................32
5.5 Noodzaak tot contact..................................................................................................................32
5.6 Hechting......................................................................................................................................32
5.7 Hechting en probleemgedrag.....................................................................................................32
5.8 Hechting aan vader en aan moeder............................................................................................33
5.9 Breuk in de hechting...................................................................................................................33
5.10 Transitionele objecten..............................................................................................................33
5.11 Autonomie................................................................................................................................33
5.12 Herstel van verstoorde hechting en autonomie........................................................................33
5.13 Drang tot ontwikkeling..............................................................................................................33
5.14 Mishandeling............................................................................................................................33
5.15 Intimiteit en seksualiteit...........................................................................................................33
5.16 Temperament...........................................................................................................................34
5.17 Morele ontwikkeling en ik-anderdifferentiatie..........................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 6: Basisschoolleeftijd tot acht jaar.......................................................................................34
6.1 De taalontwikkeling....................................................................................................................34
6.2 Stotteren.....................................................................................................................................35
3
, 6.3 Alfabetisering en dyslexie...........................................................................................................35
6.4 Schrijven en analfabetisch..........................................................................................................35
6.5 Kind als intelligente informatieprocessor....................................................................................36
6.6 Taal als cultuuroverdrager...........................................................................................................36
6.7 Ontwikkeling van het denken......................................................................................................36
6.8 Zeven jaar als scharnierleeftijd...................................................................................................36
6.9 Uitbreiding sociale omgeving......................................................................................................37
6.11 Verschillen worden duidelijk.....................................................................................................37
6.12 Gespreksvoering.......................................................................................................................37
Hoofdstuk 7: Basisschoolleeftijd vanaf acht jaar tot prepuberteit........................................................37
7.1 School als tweede milieu............................................................................................................37
7.2 Intelligentie.................................................................................................................................37
7.3 Plaats in de kinderrij...................................................................................................................38
7.4 Centrum van controle.................................................................................................................38
7.5 Verdieping van denken...............................................................................................................38
7.6 Uitbreiding wereld tot heelal......................................................................................................38
7.7 Sociale identiteit, vriendschap en pesten...................................................................................39
7.8 Morele ontwikkeling...................................................................................................................40
7.9 Veranderingen in de prepuberteit..............................................................................................40
7.10 Seksualiteit................................................................................................................................40
7.11 Socialisatie................................................................................................................................40
7.12 Scheiding..................................................................................................................................40
7.13 Overlijden van een oud.............................................................................................................40
Hoofdstuk 8: Puberteit en adolescentie...............................................................................................41
8.1 De puberteut als verzinsel..........................................................................................................41
8.2 De veranderingen in de puberteit...............................................................................................41
8.3 De groeispurt..............................................................................................................................41
8.4 Geslachtsrijpheid........................................................................................................................41
8.5 Seksualiteit.................................................................................................................................41
8.6 voedingsgewoontes....................................................................................................................42
8.7 intellectuele groei.......................................................................................................................42
8.8 Identiteitsvorming......................................................................................................................42
8.10 De opvoeding in de puberteit...................................................................................................42
8.11 De leeftijd waarop ouders kinderen krijgen..............................................................................43
8.12 De schoolcarrière......................................................................................................................43
8.13 Leeftijdgenoten.........................................................................................................................43
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