AMSCO: APUSH 4.7/4.8 Latest 2023 Graded A+

AMSCO: APUSH 4.7/4.8 Latest 2023 Graded A+ Common Man the idealized description political supporters of Jackson used to promote his candidacy for president. Universal White Male Suffrage The extension of the right to vote to all males regardless of social standing or race, whose movement had begun in the early-mid 1800's King Caucus Up until 1820, presidential candidates were nominated by caucuses of the two parties in Congress, but in 1824, this idea was overthrown., Andrew Jackson's term for selection process of candidates Anti-Masonic Party Third party in the race between Jackson and Quincy Adams Working Man's Party Tried to unite artisans and skilled laborers into a political organization. Spoils System the practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters. Indian Removal Act Passed in 1830, authorized Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living east of the Mississippi. The treaties enacted under this act's provisions paved the way for the reluctant—and often forcible—emigration of tens of thousands of American Indians to the West. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia Marshall ruled that the Cherokee had "an unquestionable right" to their lands, but they were "not a foreign state, in the sense of the Constitution" but rather a "domestic, dependent nation" and so could not sue in a United States court over Georgia's voiding their right to self-rule. Was a blow to the Cherokee case, it cast doubt on the constitutionality of Indian Removal Act. Worcester v. Georgia (1832) A Supreme Court ruling that declared a state did not have the power to enforce laws on lands that were not under state jurisdiction; John Marshall wrote that the state of Georgia did not have the power to remove Indians; this ruling was largely ignored by President Andrew Jackson Trail of Tears (1838) The forced relocation of the Cherokee tribe to the Western United States; resulted in the deaths of an estimated 4,000 Cherokees. Great Plains vast grassland between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains Nicholas Biddle President of the Second Bank of the United States; he struggled to keep the bank functioning when President Jackson tried to destroy it. Roger Taney, "Pet Banks" State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed from the federal National Bank in an effort to destroy the bank. Pet Banks A term used by Jackson's opponents to describe the state banks that the federal government used for new revenue deposits in an attempt to destroy the Second Bank of the United States; the practice continued after the charter for the Second Bank expired in 1836. Specie Circular (1836) The Specie Circular, issued by President Jackson July 11, 1836, was meant to stop land speculation caused by States printing paper money without proper specie (gold or silver) backing it. The Circular required that the purchase of public lands be paid for in specie. It stopped the land speculation and the sale of public lands went down sharply. The panic of 1837 followed. Panic of 1837 When Jackson was president, many state banks received government money that had been withdrawn from the Bank of the U.S. These banks issued paper money and financed wild speculation, especially in federal lands. Jackson issued the Specie Circular to force the payment for federal lands with gold or silver. Many state banks collapsed as a result. A panic ensued (1837). Bank of the U.S. failed, cotton prices fell, businesses went bankrupt, and there was widespread unemployment and distress. Martin Van Buren () Advocated lower tariffs and free trade, and by doing so maintained support of the south for the Democratic party. He succeeded in setting up a system of bonds for the national debt. Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations) In 1828, during President John Quincy Adams' term, Congress created a new tariff law which pleased northern manufacturers, but alienated southern planters. Revolution of 1828/The Election of 1828 was a transforming event from several perspectives. Andrew Jackson's victory broke the line of presidents from Virginia and Massachusetts, and to many citizens represented the triumph of the common man. Peggy Eaton Affair Calhoun's wife slandered Peggy Eaton, causing a heated debate between Jackson and Calhoun Webster-Hayne Debate Hayne first responded to Daniel Webster's argument of states' rights versus national power, with the idea of nullification. Webster then spent 2 full afternoons delivering his response which he concluded by saying that "Liberty and Union, now and for ever, one and inseparable" Proclamation to the People of South Carolina President Andrew Jackson's edict stating nullification and disunion were treason. Log Cabin and Hard Cider Campaign The term for the 1840 presidential campaign. Popular war hero, William Henry Harrison was the Whig candidate. He used log cabins and hard cider to portray his down-home heritage. He attacked Martin Van Buren as an aristocrat. Harrison and John Tyler won the election. tumult a loud, confused noise, especially one caused by a large mass of people. Alexis de Tocqueville French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions () aristocrat a member of an upper class of society, usually made up of hereditary nobility emulate to imitate Godey's Lady's Book popular magazine marketed specifically for women which contained art, poetry and articles; a place where women could get their works published and important topics could be discussed self-made man A nineteenth-century ideal that celebrated men who rose to wealth or social prominence from humble origins through self-discipline, hard work, and temperate habits omitted left out nominating convention An official public meeting of a party to choose candidates for office