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Summary Afrikaans Taal
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This has all the relevant notes on taal that could be useful for any grade 12 student. It includes rules on all the different aspects covered in the Afrikaans syllabus.
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AFRIKAANS TAALWoordorde
SVTOMPVI
1. You may start with other words other than the subject, as long as
you put the verb in second position- before everything, even
pronouns
TENSES
1. If there is just a regular verb, we use ‘het’ and ‘ge’ for past tense
and ‘Sal’ for future tense
2. If the verb starts with ‘be’, ‘ge’, ‘her’, ‘er’, ‘ont’, ‘ver’, ‘mis’, we still
use ‘het’, but the verb does not get a ‘ge’
3. If the verb is ‘is’, it changes as follows:
- Daar is baie mense in Suid Afrika
- Daar was baie mense in Suid Afrika
- Daar sal baie mense in Suid Afrika wees
4. If the sentence has a ‘het’ with no ‘ge’, it changes as follows:
- Ek het ‘n mooi huis
- Ek het ‘n mooi huis gehad
- Ek sal ‘n mooi huis he
5. If the verb is ‘word’, it changes as follows:
- Ek word deur my ma gehelp
- Ek is deur my ma gehelp
- Ek sal deur my ma geword
6. If there is a verb and preposition, it becomes one word in past (with
a ‘ge’) and future tense:
- Ek tel die boek op
- Ek het die boek opgetel
- Ek sal die boek optel
7. If there is a helping verb and a verb, only helping verb changes in
past tense:
- Ek moet my werk doen
- Ek moes my werk doen
- Ek sal my werk moet doen
8. If we use the Peter Brown verbs, they go the end, just before main
verb:
- Ek gaan in die dam swem
, - Ek het in die dam gaan swem
- Ek sal in die dam gaan swem
- Ek kom by jou kuier
- Ek het by jou kom kuier
- Ek sal by jouk om kuier
9. If there are 2 verbs happening at the same time, connected by an
‘en’ and they can be done simultaneously, the only the first verb
gets a ‘ge’
10. If there is already a conjunction in the sentence, we treat
them as 2 different sentences:
- Die bokkie hardloop weg, want die leeu jag hom
- Die bokkie het weggehardloop, want die leeu het hom gejaag
- Die bokkie sal weggehardloop, want die leeu sal hom jag
11. The DAWN conjunctions change to toe in the past tense (Dan,
As, Wanneer, Nou):
- Jan doen eers sy huiswerk, dan speel in die tuin
- Jan het eers sy huiswerk gedoen, toe het hy in die tui gespeel
- Pa luister na die radio wanneer dit nuus tyd is
- Pa het na die radio geluister, toe dit nuus tyd was
NADAT
- Groep 3 and both sentences in past tense
Examples:
- Sam sy koeldrank drink. Gaan hy huis toe. (Nadat)
- Nadat Sam sy koeldrank gedrink het, het hy huis toe gegaan.
- Hy kry ‘n pak slae omdat hy stout is. (Nadat)
- Nadat hy stout was, het hy ‘n pak slae gekry.
LYDENDE
Teenwoordige Tyd:
O+word+T+M+deur+S+P+gV2+I
Verlede Tyd:
O+is+T+M+deur+S+P+gV2+I
Toekomende Tyd:
O+sal+T+M+deur+S+P+gV2+word+I
INDIREKTE REDE
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