Summary of the book Psychological Science chapters 9 to 15 (English) with notes from the lectures (Dutch - purple text). With clarifying images, but roughly text. The course overview of psychology / introduction to psychology (RUG).
I only understand the summary with having the book next to me and reading occasinally in it, if the keywords of the summary are nonsense to me.
By: steffi98 • 5 year ago
By: pontusvdb • 6 year ago
Seller
Follow
Psychovatting
Reviews received
Content preview
Overzicht van de psychologie
H9 Human development
Case of Genie: social relationships, activities & minimal language. Not coherent sentences.
Developmental psy = changes, over lifespan, in physiology, cognition, emotion, social beh.
§9.1 What factors shape infancy?
Prenatal period, infancy (till 18/24 months), childhood (till 11/14 y), adolescence (till 18/21 y),
adulthood
Genes set order & timing development. Effecten van ontwikkeling. Genetische invloed: zelfde
groeiperioden bij elk individu.
Zygote = sperm & egg (first cell). Implants in uterine wall (embryo) → organs & internal syst formed
Fetus (2 months) = growth of body & organs
Early brain growth important because:
Specific areas brain mature & become functional (myelination)
Regions brain learn to communicate through synaptic connections
Myelinated axons form synapses w/ other neurons.
Age 4: brain 80% of adult size. Size incr due myelination & new synaptic connections among neurons.
Preserving connections in order to function & pruning out others: ‘use it or lose it’ = synaptic pruning
→ adapt brain to environm.
Brain develops & mature through adolescence & beyond.
Nutrition affects brain development. Lack of stimulation → undermine brain development. Few
synaptic connections made. Less sophisticated, less able to process complex info, solve problems less
easier, less development advanced language skills.
Poverty infl brain development (before birth)
Teratogens = agents that harm embryo/fetus. Impair development in womb. (drugs, alcohol, bacteria,
viruses, chemicals)
Schildklierhormonen, stress, teratogenen van moeder. Vaak cognitief beschadigend. Roken, alcohol
gebruik van de vader → lichamelijke afwijkingen.
Physical effect obvious at birth, but disorders apparent when child is older.
Damage depends on when & how long exposed
Alcohol = fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Low birth weight, face/head abnormalities, disorders,
beh/cognitive problems.
Recreational drugs: premature birth, sudden death in infancy, newborn withdrawal (irritability, high-
pitched crying, tremors, vomiting, diarrhea, rapid breathing).
Men infl if they might father children: gene mutation, damaged sperm (drinking & smoking)
Newborns have motor reflexes that aid survival. Algemeen leervermogen
Grasping reflex = grasp mother. Offspring carried form place to place (ancestors)
Rooting reflex = turning & sucking object near mouth
Sucking reflex = shown when object found
Pave way for learning more-complicated beh patterns.
Each persons’ environm infl what happens throughout development (culture). Socialization exp &
parental goals
Dynamic system theory (Dynamisch evenwicht/game-of-life) = views development as self-organizing
process. New forms of beh emerge through consistent interactions between biological being &
cultural/environm contexts. Nature-nurture. Basis elementen (genen) met simpele mechanismen.
Complexe patronen als uitkomst v/d interactie v/d interactie. Cellen verdwijnen en ontstaan. Geheel
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Psychovatting. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.37. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
