Praxis 5001 Latest 2023 Graded A+

Praxis 5001 Latest 2023 Graded A+ biome living and non living things mechanical weathering physical (like freezing) phloem responsible for carrying food and nutrients to plant (down) xylem responsible for carrying water to plant (up) Species Classification order Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Primary consumer Herbivores secondary consumer eat the primary consumers (carnivore and omnivore) pH of a base 7+ pH of an acid -7 light refraction The refraction of light when it passes from a fast medium to a slow medium bends the light ray toward the normal to the boundary between the two media light diffraction slight bending of light as it passes around the edge of an object abiotic non living biotic living mechanisms of evolution natural selection, genetic drift, mutation physical change a physical change in appearance, cannot be undone momentum equation mass*velocity open syllable ends in a vowel concepts of print left to right, top to bottom, letters/ words convey a message, what we read phonemic awareness word is made up of small sounds **need to have phonological awareness phonological awareness sounds and letters correspond phonemes sounds that make up a word grapheme written parts of a word (letters) High frequency sight words often do not follow phonological rules decodable words follow rules of phonics qualitative measures visuals quantitative measures counting words speaking has... purpose, audience, tone listening has... attention, questions descriptive writing A type of expository writing that uses the five senses to paint a picture for the reader. This writing incorporates imagery and specific details. narrative writing Writing in which the author tells a story. The story could be fact or fiction. persuasive/ argumentative writing Writing that states the opinion of the writer and attempts to influence the reader. expository Writing in which author's purpose is to inform or explain the subject to the reader. Uses evidence primary source from a witness, first hand account, testimonial secondary source history book, website etc steps of the writing process pre-writing, writing, revision, editing, publishing tiered vocabulary tier 1 sight words tiered vocabulary tier 2 used frequently and in many different contexts tiered vocabulary tier 3 specific to content Congress Made up of house of representatives & senate. Make the laws, can override president veto. Legislative branch Senate 2 for each state Guerilla warfare hide and attack that the native americans taught the colonists appellate appeal decision from lower courts concurrent jursidiction / federalism powers shared by state and federal government Sociology studies groups aztecs big with technology, first major city Sacagewa helped Louis and Clark Athens was credited with democracy silk road caravan route- gold, tea, religion, disease Causes of WWI Caused by rise of nationalism, and assassination of Franz Ferdinand Causes of WW2 Italian fascism, Japanese militarism and invasions of China, Hitler cultural diffusion when cultural items spread from one place to another input market where things are bought and sold scarcity of resources when resources are low in availability- consumer must make choices opportunity cost the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen economics study of how scare resources are allocated to satisfy unlimited wants resources entrepreneurship, labor, capital, land US economy similar to market economy WWI Allied Powers Britain, France, Russia, Italy, US WWI Central Powers Germany, Austria- Hungry, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire WW2 Axis Powers Germany, Italy, Japan WW2 Allied Powers Britain, France, Soviet Union, US Parts of speech: Articles a, an, the Parts of speech: Noun person, place, thing Parts of speech: Adjective describes the noun: great, small, white Parts of speech: Verbs action, what is being done: to read, jump Parts of speech: Adverbs how the action is done: well, very, quickly (usually has an ly) Parts of speech: conjunctions join words or sentences together: and, or (put a comma before) Parts of speech: prepositions stands before a noun: in, through compound sentence more than one subject or predicate complex sentence a sentence containing a subordinate clause or clauses: Though he was very rich, he was still very unhappy. Parts of speech: Predicate describe the part of the sentence which talks about the subject and which has a verb. Commutative Property a*b=b*a distributive property a(b+c)= ab+ ac associative property (a+b)+c= a+ (b+c) Mesopotamia contributions Earliest writing, Law- code of Hammurabi, city states Greece contributions Democracy, architecture, geometry Egypt contributions Writing, paper, building, math Roman Empire contributions Republic- elected representatives, roads