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Summary History: All about the French Revolution
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These notes consist of a summary of the happenings during the French Revolution and will prepare you well for a test on this topic.
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THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONTHE ENLIGHTENMENT
“The age of reason” late 17th - early 18th century
France overthrew their government and established a republic
The people called for “Liberty, equality and fraternity”
- Individual rights and freedom
- No individuals had special privileges
- No more splitting of society into classes
Philosophical movement first in Europe and the North America
Some key concepts:
- Reason
Philosophers believed rational thought could lead to human improvement
Human endeavours should increase knowledge and reason rather than
emotional responses
- Skepticism
Searched for proof that theories were true
Skeptical about: divine right of kings and monarchies, scientific claims about the
natural world, nature of reality and religious doctrine
- Religious tolerance
People should be able to worship as they wish
- Liberty
God/ nature gave all humans basic rights and be able to act without oppressive
restrictions
“Government has no control over an individual's conscience”
- Progress
Centuries before enlightenment characterized by rapid changes
Scientific revolution, exploration of the world, advancements in art during
renaissance therefore enlightenment thinkers believed human condition was
improving
Key enlightenment thinkers before the enlightenment:
- Jean Jacques Rousseau
- Baron de Montesquieu
- Voltaire
THE ECONOMIC CRISIS
(wars, debts and expenditure in France 1789)
Country was in great debt and continued to borrow money
Taxes paid by everyone:
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