BIOL 1P92 Final Exam Prep Questions Well Answered 100%

BIOL 1P92 Final Exam Prep Questions Well Answered 100% Prokaryotes which plastids originated from - ANSWER Photosynthetic prokaryotic endosymbionts by non-photosynthetic eukaryotic hosts. Are protists monophyletic? - ANSWER Protists are not monophyletic, they are paraphyletic (includes single ancestor and some descendants). They contain organisms that are more closely related to members of other kingdoms than they are to other protists. Phytoplankton - ANSWER Microscopic photosynthetic protists that float in water or actively move through it. Protists that are most closely related to plants - ANSWER Algae (plant-like protists). They include: - single-celled diatoms - multicellular seaweed Like plants, algae contain chlorophyll and make food by photosynthesis. Amoebas traits - ANSWER - Irregular cell shape - Pseudopods locomotion - Pseudopods and ectoplasmic tubes for feeding - Endoplasm and ectoplasm layer - Single nucleus - Contractile vacuole - Binary fission Protists differentiated groups - ANSWER Animal-like protists: heterotrophs that have the ability to move. Plant-like protists: autotrophs that photosynthesize. Fungi-like protists: heterotrophs that have cells with cell walls and reproduce by forming spores. Relationships among the protists and the major Kingdoms - ANSWER Like almost all other kingdoms, protists are eukaryotic. Similar to other eukaryotes, their single cell contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles including mitochondria. Evolutionary innovations among the Plantae from early-to-evolve plants all the way up to the flowering plants - ANSWER Plants are thought to have evolved from an aquatic green alga protist. Later, they evolved important adaptations for land, including vascular tissues, seeds, and flowers. Nine plant phyla - ANSWER - Liverworts - Mosses - Hornworts - Lycophytes - Pteridophytes - Cycads - Ginkgos - Conifers - Angiosperms Gametophytes - ANSWER In plants and many multicellular protists, the haploid stage that produces gametes by mitosis. Sporophytes - ANSWER The diploid generation of plants/multicellular protists that follow a life cycle of alternation of generations which produces haploid spores through meiosis.