West Coast EMT FINAL EXAM 2023 Update(GRADED A+)

AMI (Heart Attack) (Acute Myocardial Infarction) - ANSWER Blockage in the coronary artery. Death occurs in the myocardial muscle due to lack of oxygenated blood flow through the coronary arteries. S/S Chest pain, Pressure, nausea, weakness, fatigue, Dyspnea (SOB), Diaphoresis (excessive Sweat), Abnormal signs, sudden cardiac arrest. Angina pectoris - ANSWER A period experienced in a patient where heart tissue is not getting enough oxygen. much like spasm of an artery, symptoms as atherosclerostic aretery disease. usually periods of physical or emotional stress when the heart is working hard, and typically goes away. Oxygenation - ANSWER Oxygenated blood to the tissues is known as perfusion. When oxygen is delivered to the blood. Ventilation is required for oxygenation. Patient Care Report (PCR) - ANSWER The legal document used to record all patient care activities. This report has direct patient care functions but also administrative and quality control functions. PCRs are also known as prehospital care reports. Respiration - ANSWER The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide The heart and the brain are affected if there is no oxygen. Brain damage begins within 4 - 6 minutes Supraventricular tachycardia (STV): - ANSWER fast heart rate above the heart's two lower chambers. S/S chest pain, SOB, Diaphoretic Ventilation - ANSWER The moving of air in and out of the lungs, ventilation is required for effective oxygenation and respiration. Inhalation is the active part of ventilation. Energy is required to ventilate. During inhalation the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, intrathoracic pressure decreases. As the thorax enlages/ expands the air passess through the upper and lower airways in to the alveoli. Perfusion - ANSWER Passage of blood, a blood substitute or other fluid through the blood vessels or other natural channels in an organ or tissue. Aspiration - ANSWER Fluid or tissue or other substances that go into the lungs that can cause pneumonia or other lung problems. Intracerebral pressure (ICP) - ANSWER Accumulations of blood within the skull or swelling of the brain(cause). ICP squeezes the brain against bony prominences within the cranium. cheyne stokes or ataxic. S/S decreased pulse, headache, nausea, vomit, decreased alertness, bradycardia, sluggish or nonreactive pupils, decerebrate posturing, and increased or widened blood pressure. Cushing reflex(increased systolic bp, irregular respirations, and decreased pulse rate) Automated external defibrillator (AED) - ANSWER Device that detects treatable life threatening cardiac arrhythmias(ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia) and delivers the appropriate electrical shock to the patient. Apnea - ANSWER Absence of spontaneous breathing Thrombus: - ANSWER A blood clot, either in the arterial or venous system. when the clot occurs in a cerebral artery it may result in the interruption of cerebral blood flow and subsequent stroke. Aneurysm - ANSWER An abnormal enlargement of the wall of a blood vessel that results from weakening of the vessel wall Embolism - ANSWER A blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel where it causes a blockage Atherosclerosis - ANSWER A disease that causes the arteries to thicken, harden and calcify. Hypoglycemia - ANSWER Low blood sugar Can be caused when a diabetic patient takes too much insulin or when they take the same amount of insulin but skips a meal Hyperglycemia - AN West Coast EMT FINAL EXAM 2023 Update(GRADED A+)