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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 5: protozoa
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Samenvatting hoofdstuk 5: protozoa van dierkunde (powerpoint + curcustekst)
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1,Inhoudsopgave
1. Inleiding en diagnose.................................................................................................... 3
2. Bouwplan..................................................................................................................... 4
2.1. De morfologie van de protozoöncel................................................................................................ 4
2.1.1. Kloppende vacuole................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.2. Kern.......................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.3. Celomhullingen en steunstructuren.......................................................................................... 4
2.2. Voedselopname.............................................................................................................................. 5
2.3. Voortbeweging............................................................................................................................... 5
2.3.1. Cilia en flagella......................................................................................................................... 5
2.3.2. Pseudopodia............................................................................................................................. 6
3. Voortplanting en ontwikkeling......................................................................................7
3.1. Celdeling........................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.1. Tweedeling............................................................................................................................... 7
3.1.2. Veeldeling................................................................................................................................ 7
3.2. Bevruchting en seksualiteit............................................................................................................ 7
4. Voorbeelden................................................................................................................. 8
4.1. Rhizopoda...................................................................................................................................... 9
4.1.1. Algemeen................................................................................................................................. 9
4.1.2. voorbeeld: amboeba proteus.................................................................................................. 10
4.1.3. Voorbeeld: Entamoeba histolytica..........................................................................................10
4.2. Flagellata (Mastigophora)............................................................................................................. 11
4.2.1. Algemeen............................................................................................................................... 11
4.2.2. Voorbeeld: Trypanosoma........................................................................................................ 11
4.3. Sporozoa...................................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.1. Algemeen............................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.2. Voorbeeld: Toxoplasma gondii...............................................................................................12
4.3.3. Voorbeeld Plasmodium vivax.................................................................................................. 13
4.4. Ciliophora..................................................................................................................................... 14
4.4.1. Algemeen............................................................................................................................... 14
4.4.2. Voorbeeld: Paramecium caudatum.........................................................................................14
2
, 1. INLEIDING EN DIAGNOSE
“protozoa” / “heterotrofe Protista”: eencellige organismen van microscopische afmetingen
In kolonies
Bilaterale, radiale & sferische / geen symmetrie
Celvorm: contstant (ovaal, langwerpig, sferisch) maar kan wisselen
o Veranderen naargelang omgeving / leeftijd
1-of meervoudige kern
Schaal: beschermend huisje
Produceren resistenten cysten of sporen ongunstige omstandigheden overleven + gemakkelijke
verspreiding
Vrij levende, commensale, symbiotische en parasitaite protozoa, ze voeden zich meestel
heterotroof
VOEDINGSWIJZEN:
Osmotroof: opname zonder fagocytosis van in milieu opgeloste organische substanties
Fagotroof: opname door fagocytosis van voedselpartikels van dierlijke / plantaardige
oorsprong
VOORPLANTING:
Ongeslachtelijk door binaire deling, veelvuldige deling of knopvorming
Geslachtelijk door fusie gameten / conjugatie
Geen dieren
Verzamelnaam voor verschillende groepen van heterotrofe eencelligen
Metazoa: meercellig
Belangrijke rol in natuur:
o Basishuishouding natuur
Verwekkers van ziekten bij mens / huisdier (amoebische dysenterie, malaria en slaapziekte)
3
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