Exam (elaborations)
MIBO 3500 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS FULLY SOLVED & UPDATED 2023.
- Course
- Institution
Genome all the genetic material the organism contains Vertical transmission -from parent to offspring -same species (binary fission) Horizontal transmission -transfer of small pieces of DNA from one cell to another -different or same species 1) transformation 2) conjugation ...
3" million="" kb)="" fit="" all="" cell?="" gets="" supercoiled="" compared="" humans,="" much="" consists="" non-coding="" regions?="" very="" little;="" less="" than="" 15%="" non-coding,="" while="" humans="" are="" more="" 90%="" operon="" operate="" independently="" together="" with="" others="" monocistronic="" mrna="" codes="" a="" single="" type="" (bacteria="" eukaryotes)="" polycistronic="" rna="" molecule="" encodes="" one="" polypeptide="" chain="" (bacteria)="" regulons="" collection="" operons="" unified="" biochemical="" purpose="" (ie.="" sugar="" catabolism)="" rpos="" regulon="" "starvation"="" (helps="" survive="" starvation)="" positive="" supercoiling="" overwound,="" which="" stable,="" but="" keeps="" being="" replicated;="" most="" often="" archaea="" low="" ph="" high="" temp="" negative="" underwound;="" bacteria,="" archaea,="" eukaryotes="" what="" charge="" dna?="" topoisomerases="" i="" usually="" proteins;="" cleaves="" strand="" action="" 1)="" comes="" onto="" original="" introduces="" cut="" 2)="" ligase="" reseals="" 3)="" #="" supercoils="" (can="" also="" introduce="" supercoils,="" simply="" them)="" ii="" multiple="" subunits;="" cleave="" strands="" ie.="" gyrase="" quinolone="" antibiotics="" target="" these="" isomerases="" (prevents="" supercoiling)="" double-stranded="" break="" why="" remove="" may="" need="" allow="" synthesis="" machinery="" get="" area="" expression="" many="" origins="" replication="" start="" at="" bacteria?="" (oric);="" own="" origin="" initiation:="" starts="" oric="" elongation:="" form="" bubble="" forks="" moving="" opposite="" directions="" termination="" initiation="" -dna="" precisely="" controlled="" e.="" coli)="" -growing="" sees="" rise="" dnaa="" levels="" -dnaa-atp="" complex="" bind="" 9-bp="" repeats="" upstream="" (oric)="" initiate="" -binding="" prompts="" helicase="" (dnab)="" coli,="" initiates="" replication?="" seqa="" inhibits="" coli="" because="" seqa's="" affinity="" partially="" methylated="" sequences="" methylate="" dna,="" daughter="" lack="" methylation="" certain="" points="" time="" elongation="" pol="" iii="" scan="" mismatched="" bases="" -exonuclease="" by="" cleaving="" phosphodiester="" bonds="" -elongation="" resumes="" after="" correction="" polymerases="" 5="" (main="" iii)="" direction="" atp="" synthesized?="" 5'="" 3'="" exonuclease="" activity="" removes="" incorrectly="" paired="" base="" pairs="" topoisomerase="" iv="" catalyzes="" breaking="" rejoining="" event="" resolves="" link,="" terminating="" smaller="" chromosomes="" circular,="" separate="" replication,="" encode="" survival="" (structure="" differs)="" some="" examples="" carry="" (other="" antibiotic="" resistance)?="" extreme="" temperature="" ph,="" pathogenesis,="" attacking="" host="" cell,="" symbiosis="" properties="" low-copy="" numbers="" segregate="" equally="" be="" properly="" partitioned="" high-copy="" randomly="" bidirectional="" process="" proceeds="" outward="" rolling="" circle="" moves="" parm="" -the="" made="" allows="" them="" partition="" poles="" -actin-like="" forms="" long="" filaments="" -filaments="" connect="" as="" diffuse="" around="" -stable="" will="" drive="" ensure="" copy="" engineering="" engineers="" create="" recombinant="" gfp="" (green="" fluorescent="" protein)="" normally="" jellyfish="" useful="" tracking="" restriction="" endonucleases="" enzyme="" cuts="" foreign="" specific="" sites,="" producing="" small="" fragments="" used="" would="" use="" enzymes="" prevent="" bacteriophage="" breakdown;="" they="" do="" this="" recognizing="" sites="" palindromes="" sequence="" reads="" making="" recognizes="" sources="" fragments,="" leaves="" sticky="" ends="" mixed="" together,="" matching="" base-pair="" 4)="" seals="" base-paired="" ampicillin="" tetracycline="" resistance="" transformation="" types="" natural:="" take="" freely="" (competent)="" artificial:="" manipulation="" through="" means="" such="" electroporation="" makes="" permeable="" short="" advantage="" competent?="" could="" gain="" encoded="" free="" gram="" transformasome="" complex,="" needs="" induced,="" facilitates="" uptake="" (often="" stranded);="" competence="" generated="" quorum="" sensing="" gram-positive="" grow,="" factor="" (cf)="" affected?="" cf="" accumulates,="" thus="" increasing="" chances="" induced="" transform="" without="" either="" always="" competent="" when="" starved;="" tend="" pick="" sequence-specific="" transfers="" (contain="" factors,="" pilus="" formation,="" proteins)="" involved="" conjugation?="" fertility="" -="" f+="" donors="" f-="" recipients="" steps="" donor="" searches="" appropriate="" recipient="" contracts="" once="" found,="" brought="" close="" pore="" shared="" now="" 5)="" polymerase="" copies="" result="" 6)="" becomes="" live="" no,="" domains="" human="" (neisseria="" gonorrhoeae)="" plants="" (agrobacterium="" tumefaciens)="" agrobacterium="" tumefaciens="" plant="" roots="" stimulate="" nodule="" formation="" nitrogen="" fixation="" -is="" pathogen="" invades="" crowns,="" stems,="" -transforms="" infected="" tumors="" (ti="" transferred="" via="" conjugation)="" want="" cause="" hosts?="" release="" hormones="" then="" metabolize="" opines.="" metabolized="" hormones,="" experience="" crown="" gall="" disease."="" id="content-page-show">[Show more]