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Samenvatting van 3 pagina's voor het vak Cytologie en histologie aan de UGent
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Hoofdstuk 5: energetische omzettingen in de humane cel om metabolisme te laten drijven
Inleiding
Systemen streven naar wanorde => energie nodig om in stand te blijven
Cel energie verkrijgen in bruikbare vorm:
- Fotosynthese: lichtenergie -> glucose
- Chemosynthese: exenergetisch proces -> opbouwend = anabolisme
- Afbreken om energie vrij te krijgen = katabolisme/dissimilatie
anaeroob= zonder zuurstof (onvolledig)
aeroob= met zuurstof (volledig)
Soorten energieomzetting
- Anaerobe dissimilatie/ energiewinning (2 systemen)
- Aerobe dissimilatie/ energiewinning (4 stappen)
Anaerobe dissimilatie
In functie van tijd onvoldoende zuurstof aanwezig
= snelle manier om ATP (energie) aan te werven contractie van spieren
SYSTEEM 1: creatinefosfaatsysteem (fosfaat)
= snel levert weinig op, minder ATP
Werking
1 CP omzetten in 1 ATP
Creatinefosfaat (CP) w omgezet in kreatine(C) en fosfaat (Pi)
En energie komt vrij
Werking bij sprinten in de spieren
SYSTEEM 2: lactisch-anaerobe systeem (lactaat)
= traag levert veel op, veel ATP
- = afbraak van organische stoffen
werking
Glucose C6 gebruiken
Glucose splisten in 2 pyrovaat C3 nettowinst 2 ATP + e-
Omzetten door enzym lactaatdehydrogenase in lactaat (winst: 1 ATP)
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