Class 10 Science (Magnetic Effects of Electric Current)
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Fifth Year / 11th Grade
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KEEP IT UP COACHING POINT
“Obstacles are what you see when you take your eyes off the goal”
Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
Electric current always produces three effects i.e.
• Heating Effect of Current
• Chemical Effect of Current
• Magnetic Effect of Current
Magnetic effect of current means that a current flowing in a wire produces magnetic field around it.
Magnet → A magnet is an object which attracts pieces of iron, steel, nickel and cobalt.
A freely suspended bar magnet possess two poles—North (which points towards north) and South (which
points towards south). Like magnetic poles repel each other whereas unlike magnetic poles attract each
other.
Magnetic field→ The space surrounding a magnet in which magnetic force is exerted is called a magnetic
field.
Magnetic Field Lines→ The magnetic field lines are the lines drawn in a magnetic field along which a
north magnetic pole would move.
Properties 1) The magnetic field lines originate from the north pole of a magnet and terminate at its south
pole outside magnet. .
2) Inside magnet, they originate from south pole and terminate at north pole.
3) Thus ,magnetic field line forms a continuous closed curve.
4) The magnetic field lines come closer to one another near the poles of a magnet but they are widely
separated at other places.
5) The magnetic field lines do not intersect (or cross) one another.
Q1) Definitions:- Magnet, Magnetic field, Electromagnet, Solenoid, Electric Motor, Electric
Generator, Commercial Motor, Overloading, Short Circuiting, Magnetic Flux.
Q2) a)What are magnetic field lines?
b) Give 4 characteristics of magnetic field lines.
c) Why do two magnetic field lines never intersect?
MAGNETIC EFFECT OF CURRENT (OR ELECTROMAGNETISM)
Electromagnetism→A current flowing in a wire always gives rise to a magnetic field around it, this is
called electromagnetism. Oersted was the first to demonstrate the above.
, KEEP IT UP COACHING POINT
“Obstacles are what you see when you take your eyes off the goal”
Oersted`s Experiment-------- Observations
1) Conductor carrying current behaves like a magnet.
2) Magnitude of magnetic field is directly proportional to current.
3) Magnetic field acts at right angle to the direction of flow off current.
Q3) a) Name the scientist who proved electromagnetism for the first time.
b) Experimentally prove that straight current carrying conductor produces magnetism.
c) List the unique features of Oersted’s experiment.
Magnetic Field Pattern due to Straight Current---Carrying Conductor
Salient Features:→1) In form of concentric circles near the conductor.
2) Magnetic lines away from conductor tend to be elliptical rather than circular.
3) Magnetic field strength is directly proportional to current strength.
4) At right angle to the plane of conductor.5
5) Magnetic field is inversely proportional to distance of the wire.
Direction Of Magnetic field Produced by Straight Current—Carrying Conductor.
Right Hand Thumb Rule:→ This rule gives the direction of magnetic field due to a straight current
carrying conductor. According to the rule “Grasp the conductor in the right hand with the thumb pointing
in the direction of current, then the direction in which the fingers curl gives the direction of the magnetic
field.”
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