Summary
Summary Grade achieved: 8.2 Everything you need for the Cell Biology of Neuron and Glia exam - goodnotes overview
- Course
- Institution
Everything you need for the Cell Biology of Neuron and Glia exam - goodnotes overview
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Nynkevanleuven
Reviews received
Content preview
,Lecture 1 Neuronal organellesNeuron fact sheet: AIS = axon hillock, makes sure that neurons are polarized and
remain that way
• Highly polarized and compartmentalised
• Transmit, receive and process signals at distant locations (synapses)
Active zone = zone where membrane fusion of the vesicles
from synapse to post synapse takes place (on the synapse)
Neuron challenges:
• with whom to make contact
• How to get to the right place in the brain
• Neurons need to move from the VZ to the membrane
• How to generate and maintain polarized • Neurons axon makes contact with multiple postsynapses
• How to supply distant synapses with proteins & lipids (probability depends on proteins that fit together)
• How to maintain energy levels in different synapses
• How to respons to changes in local environment and events
Synapses: Information processing and transmission nodes
• requires energy, proteins and lipids
The major organelles required for neuron and synapse function:
• Mitotic cells: Nucleus —> ER (rough - smooth) —> ERGIC —> Golgi (cis - trans) —> TGN —> secretory granule
Organelle Organisation in neurons:
• Morphology - ER - ERGIC - GA - RE
,ER:
• continuous network in soma, dendrites and axon
• present in pre- and postsynaptic terminals
• allows local protein translation
• major calcium store
• Major lipid source
Membrane contact sites: ER forms continuous dynamic network (ER shaping
protein allow for mobility)
• Lipids transfer
• Calcium exchange
ER supplies calcium to mitochondrion
• Interactions are dynamic
ER supplies membrane with lipids and to receive calcium
ER is super dynamic and makes contact with all organelles
ER-PM contact sites in calcium homeostasis and axon growth
Calcium elevated, then it binds to ORAI which makes a channel to refill the ER with calcium
, ERGIC
• Receives COPII coated vesicles from ER
• Receives COPI coated vesicles from Golgi
• Role in folding and quality control nascent proteins
• Role in glycolysation of proteins
ER is everywhere, but the Golgi is not
Golgi (GA):
• We cannot make fully glycosylated
• Mainly present in somas (GOs in some dendrites) proteins in the axon
• neuron transport locally makes membrane
• Main organelle for post translation modifications proteins via vesicles and transmembrane
proteins
• Main organelle for sorting cargo
• Three subzones: Cis, Medial and trans
Golgi dependent and Golgi independent secretory routes in dendrites:
Evidence for local translation of mRNA
visualizes the transport of a fluorescent protein from ER to Golgi to
RUSH system: to synchronise secretory protein trafficking Plasma membrane
• Streptavidin Biotin interaction
• Retention using selective hooks
Hook = protein localized to ER or Golgi tagged with streptavidin
Reporter = protein of interest tagged with streptavidin binding protein (SBP)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Nynkevanleuven. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.14. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76800 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now