Dit is een samenvatting van het boek van Witteman, C., Van der Heijden, P., & Claes, L. (2014). Psychodiagnostiek: het onderzoeksproces in de praktijk. Utrecht: De Tijdstroom. Dit boek is verplichte literatuur voor het NVO tentamen, domein 2a.
Psychodiagnostiek: het onderzoeksproces in de
praktijk
Pre-master pedagogische wetenschappen
NVO tentamen
1
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1 – Proces, instrumenten, beoordeling en besluitvorming .............................. 4
1. Inleiding: wat is psychodiagnostiek? ......................................................................... 4
2. Het diagnostische proces............................................................................................ 4
3. Het gebruik van instrumenten .................................................................................... 5
3.1 Observatiemethoden ................................................................................................ 6
3.2 Het klinische interview ............................................................................................... 6
3.3 Het semigestructureerde interview.......................................................................... 6
3.4 Psychologische tests .................................................................................................. 7
3.5 Normaliteit versus stoornis ......................................................................................... 8
3.6 Dimensionale en categoriale weergave van klachten ....................................... 8
3.7 Samenhang tussen persoonlijkheid en psychische stoornissen ........................... 9
4. Oordelen en beslissen .................................................................................................. 9
4.1 Normatief correct versus heuristisch ........................................................................ 9
4.2 Prototypen................................................................................................................. 10
4.3 Klinisch of statistisch oordelen ................................................................................ 10
4.4 Overconfidence ....................................................................................................... 10
4.5 Cliënten maken het je ook niet gemakkelijk........................................................ 10
4.6 Klinische expertise .................................................................................................... 11
4.7 Oordeelsfouten vermijden ...................................................................................... 11
Hoofdstuk 2 – Aanvraag, hulpvraaganalyse en eerste contact .................................... 11
1. Start van het diagnostische proces: aanvraag en hulpvraaganalyse............... 12
1.1 De verwijzer ............................................................................................................... 12
1.2 De cliënt .................................................................................................................... 12
1.3 Overwegingen van een clinicus ............................................................................ 12
.............................................................................................................................................. 12
2. Het eerste contact ..................................................................................................... 12
Hoofdstuk 3 – Onderkenning ............................................................................................... 13
1. Inleiding ........................................................................................................................ 13
2. Acute problematiek ................................................................................................... 13
3. Vaststellen van een stoornis ...................................................................................... 14
4. Culturele verschillen ................................................................................................... 14
5. Ordenen en structureren van het klachtenpatroon ............................................. 15
6. Differentiële diagnoses en comorbiditeit ................................................................ 15
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, 7. Aandachtspunten bij onderkenning ....................................................................... 16
8. Adviezen onderkenningsfase ................................................................................... 16
Hoofdstuk 4 – Verklaringsanalyse ........................................................................................ 17
1. Inleiding ........................................................................................................................ 17
2. De praktijk .................................................................................................................... 17
3. Waarde van de classificatie ..................................................................................... 17
4. Doel van verklaringsanalyse ..................................................................................... 18
5. Theoretisch verklaringsmodel ................................................................................... 18
6. Individueel verklaringsmodel .................................................................................... 19
6.1 Co-constructie van individueel verklaringsmodel ............................................... 19
6.2 Verklaringen toetsen ............................................................................................... 19
6.3 Praktisch haalbaar en nuttig .................................................................................. 19
6.4 Therapeutisch nut..................................................................................................... 20
7. De verklaringshypothese ........................................................................................... 20
8. Opstellen theoretisch verklaringsmodel .................................................................. 20
8.1 Doel ............................................................................................................................ 21
8.2 Middel ........................................................................................................................ 21
8.3 Onderdelen van een verklaringsmodel................................................................ 21
.............................................................................................................................................. 21
9. Opstellen individueel verklaringsmodel .................................................................. 21
Hoofdstuk 5 – Indicatiestelling voor psychotherapie ....................................................... 22
1. Inleiding ........................................................................................................................ 22
2. Protocollaire behandelingen .................................................................................... 22
3. Systematische behandelingsselectie ...................................................................... 23
3.1 Kenmerken van de cliënt........................................................................................ 23
3.2 De hulpvraag van de cliënt ................................................................................... 23
3.3 Voorkeuren van de cliënt ....................................................................................... 23
4. Indicatiestelling door overleg ................................................................................... 23
Hoofdstuk 6 – Het verslag ..................................................................................................... 24
1. Inleiding ........................................................................................................................ 24
2. Onderdelen van het verslag..................................................................................... 24
2.1 De cliënt .................................................................................................................... 24
2.2 De onderkenning ..................................................................................................... 25
2.3 Verklaringen .............................................................................................................. 25
2.4 Behandelvoorstel ..................................................................................................... 25
2.5 Afsluiting verslag ....................................................................................................... 25
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