Exam (elaborations)
Personality Psychology 1st Canadian Edition by Randy J. Larsen- Test Bank
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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Features of personality that differentiate one person from another usually take the form 1)
of ________ in language.
A) action-descriptive verbs B) trait-differentiating adverbs
C) differential pronouns D) trait-descriptive adjectives
2) If I describe Juan as "possessive" or Anita as "friendly," I am employing the use of 2)
A) strategies to attain goals. B) trait-descriptive adjectives.
C) inner psychological states. D) inner qualities of personality.
3) How many trait-descriptive adjectives are there in the English language? 3)
A) More than 500 B) Nearly 20,000
C) More than 1,800 D) More than 5,000
4) Psychologists have found it difficult to define personality because 4)
A) any definition of personality needs to be sufficiently comprehensive to include a
multitude of concepts.
B) the idea of studying human personality is a rather new concept in psychology.
C) personality has a common sense definition that psychologists find hard to falsify.
D) psychologists are not smart enough to determine the boundaries of human
personality.
5) Research on personality traits asks all of these questions EXCEPT 5)
A) where personality traits come from.
B) which cues cause behaviour in a situation.
C) how many fundamental personality traits are there.
D) how personality traits are organized.
6) Philippe walks the same path every day at the same time. To state that he will most 6)
likely take the same route at the same time next Wednesday is using the ________
nature of personality traits.
A) predictive B) individualistic
C) descriptive D) explanatory
7) Mike makes several social errors at a party. He calls the host by the wrong name, spills 7)
his red wine on the carpet, and insults the guest of honour. We label Mike's behaviour as
"socially inept." This labelling of Mike's behaviour utilizes the ________ research
approach to personality traits.
A) explanatory B) intuitive C) descriptive D) presumptive
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,8) Traits define the ________ tendencies of an individual person. 8)
A) central B) overt C) outlying D) average
9) A talkative person will 9)
A) never shut up.
B) talk more, on average, than a quiet person.
C) talk more than a quiet person in theaters.
D) always talk more than a quiet person.
10) To say that someone will tend to display a trait with regularity is to say that the person 10)
has a(n)
A) adaptation. B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) social-cognitive approach. D) average tendency.
11) Which of the following questions does research on personality traits NOT emphasize? 11)
A) How are all persons similar?
B) What are the origins of traits?
C) How many fundamental traits are there?
D) How are traits organized within individuals?
12) Psychological mechanisms differ from traits in that mechanisms 12)
A) refer more to processes. B) are less stable.
C) are biologically "hard wired." D) do not have decision rules.
13) Which of the following is NOT part of most personality mechanisms? 13)
A) Outputs B) Decision rules
C) Access codes D) Inputs
14) The trait of courageousness is an especially good example of 14)
A) an adaptive trait.
B) how traits are activated only under certain conditions.
C) how traits are consistent.
D) how traits change over time.
15) Personality is 15)
A) both outside and inside the person.
B) inside or outside, depending on the person.
C) outside the person.
D) inside the person.
16) To say that someone has the trait of happiness, you need to know that the person 16)
A) ishappy at a given moment. B) makes others happy.
C) remembers being happy. D) is frequently happy.
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, 17) Which of the following is NOT defined as part of the person-environment interaction? 17)
A) Perceptions B) Selections
C) Manipulations D) Serializations
18) Responses to an inkblot test can demonstrate which part of the person-environment 18)
interaction?
A) Manipulations B) Perceptions
C) Evocations D) Selections
19) Mo looks at the inkblot and sees two birds nesting. Heidi looks at the inkblot and sees a 19)
tranquil forest. Joe looks at the inkblot and sees something sexual. These three responses
are illustrating that ________ are important components of the person-environment
interaction.
A) provocations B) prostheses C) perceptions D) projections
20) Evocations are demonstrated when 20)
A) we intentionally attempt to make other people act in a certain way.
B) our characteristics unintentionally cause other people to act a certain way.
C) different people see the same situation differently.
D) individuals select environments to match their traits.
21) Everytime Neil walks into the room everyone laughs. This demonstrates the 21)
person-environment interaction of
A) emaciation. B) exultation. C) elocution. D) evocation.
22) Lenaalways picks out restaurants that have a very quiet, subdued atmosphere. She 22)
always tries to avoid loud restaurants. ________ is the person-environment fit
mechanism that may account for this behaviour.
A) Suggestion B) Selection
C) Sophistication D) Sublimation
23) Tosay that a trait is adaptive means that the trait 23)
A) easily changes as necessary. B) serves a useful function.
C) indicates psychopathology. D) is the result of sexual selection.
24) Atthe psychological level, the physical environment may lead to the development of 24)
A) shivering mechanisms when people are cold.
B) hunger pangs to motivate people to seek food.
C) fear mechanisms to help us avoid environmental threats.
D) friction mechanisms to prevent calluses in skin.
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