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volledige samenvatting medische fysica cel I
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volledige samenvatting medische fysica cel I: bevat alle leerstof (incl afbeeldingen en formules etc)
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By: bmonteyne • 1 year ago
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Medische fysicaViscoelasticiteit van biologische materialen en lichaamsvloeistoffen....................................................3
Elasticiteit:..........................................................................................................................................3
Energie in elastische media................................................................................................................3
Stress-strain curves.............................................................................................................................3
Viscositeit:..........................................................................................................................................4
Viscoelasticiteit...................................................................................................................................4
Rheologie van mucuc: mucoviscidose................................................................................................5
Druk........................................................................................................................................................6
Stromingsregimes...............................................................................................................................6
Continuïteitsvergelijking.....................................................................................................................6
De vergelijking van Bernoulli..............................................................................................................7
De wet van Poiseuille..........................................................................................................................7
Viscositeit van bloed...........................................................................................................................8
Drukverloop in de circulatie................................................................................................................8
Invloed van de lichaamshouding op de bloeddruk.............................................................................8
Sphygmomanometer voor bloeddrukmetingen.................................................................................9
Bioelektriciteit......................................................................................................................................10
Basisbegrippen vd elektriciteit.........................................................................................................10
RC keten...........................................................................................................................................10
Rustmembraanpotentiaal.................................................................................................................11
Bioelektriciteit vd cel: de AP.............................................................................................................11
Ladingstransport langs een zenuwvezel...........................................................................................11
ECG: electrocardiogram....................................................................................................................12
Wisselstroom: weefselimpedantie.......................................................................................................13
De effectieve waarde van de wisselspanning...................................................................................13
Stroomdoorgang door het lichaam...................................................................................................13
Diagnostiek met elektromagnetische golven........................................................................................14
Stralingsbronnen van elektromagnetische straling..........................................................................14
Breking en reflectie...........................................................................................................................14
Lenzen..............................................................................................................................................14
Totale inwendige reflectie en optical fibers......................................................................................15
Endoscopie.......................................................................................................................................15
Therapie met elektromagnetische golven............................................................................................16
, Elektromagnetische spectrum..........................................................................................................16
Biologische effecten van EM straling................................................................................................16
Absorptie van EM straling in het optisch gebied..............................................................................17
Lasers (Light Amplificator by Stimulated Emission of Radiation)......................................................17
Oog en visus.........................................................................................................................................20
Optische sterkte van een opp tsn media met verschillende brekingsindex......................................20
Het oog als optische systeem...........................................................................................................20
Resolutie ven het oog: gezichtsscherpte..........................................................................................20
Afwijkingen vh oog als optisch systeem en correcties......................................................................21
Geluid en gehoor..................................................................................................................................22
Wat is Geluid....................................................................................................................................22
Geluidsintensiteit en akoestische impedantie..................................................................................22
Geluidsintensiteit in decibel.............................................................................................................22
Isofonen............................................................................................................................................23
Het oor.............................................................................................................................................23
Doppler effect...................................................................................................................................23
, Fysica
Viscoelasticiteit van biologische materialen en
lichaamsvloeistoffen
- Elasticiteit:
Wet van Hooke: F=kDx
o Uitrekking en compressie
o Buiging
o Afschuiving
o Torsie
Elasticiteit vd stof
o Elasticiteitsmodulus E (Pa)
Kracht nodig om materiaal tot dubbele lengte uit te rekken
o Stress (σ of Dl/l)
Materiaalspanning
o strain (ε of F/O)
relatieve rek
O=opp
o σ = E* ε
afschuiving (shear)
o shear stress (τ)
afschuifspanning
o shear strain (γ = tan thèta)
afschuiving
o τ =G* γ
vervormingsspanning evenredig met relatieve vervorming
- Energie in elastische media
wissel tussen potentiële en kinetische E
o =
o Keert terug naar oorspronkelijke toestand + mechanische E behouden
o Vb achillespees
Potentiele elastische E komt vrij als kinetische E
- Stress-strain curves
Na bepaalde vervorminggeen terugkeer meer
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