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Abrams' Clinical Drug Therapy Rationales for Nursing Practice by Geralyn Frandsen -Test Bank
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Abrams' Clinical Drug Therapy Rationales for Nursing Practice by Geralyn Frandsen -Test Bank
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, 1. A woman has been prescribed paroxetine hydrochloride, which is an antidepressantagent administered in pill form. The medication is administered for her obsessive-
compulsive disorder. This medication will produce which of the following effects?
A) Curative
B) Systemic
C) Local
D) Parenteral
Ans: B
Feedback:
Drugs that produce systemic effects are taken into the body, circulated through the
bloodstream to their sites of action in various body tissues, and eventually eliminated
from the body. Curative agents are given to cure a disease process. In this case,
paroxetine hydrochloride will control the symptoms but not cure the disorder. Drugs
with local effects, such as sunscreen and local anesthetics, act mainly at the site of
application. Paroxetine hydrochloride is not administered parenterally. Parenteral agents
are administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously.
2. A patient has been prescribed an antibiotic. This medication is a naturally occurring
substance that has been chemically modified. What is another name for this type of
medication?
A) Synthetic drug
B) Semisynthetic drug
C) Biotechnology drug
D) Prototype drug
Ans: B
Feedback:
Semisynthetic drugs (e.g., many antibiotics) are naturally occurring substances that have
been chemically modified. Synthetic drugs are more standardized in their chemical
characteristics, more consistent in their effects, and less likely to produce allergic
reactions. Biotechnology drugs involve manipulating DNA and RNA and recombining
genes into hybrid molecules that can be inserted into living organisms. Prototype drugs
are the first drug of a particular group to be developed.
3. A patient is administered morphine. Morphine is a prototypical drug that can be
classified in different ways. Which of the following classifications applies to morphine?
A) Central nervous system depressant
B) Central nervous system stimulant
C) Anti-inflammatory
D) Antihypertensive
Ans: A
Feedback:
Drugs are classified according to their effects on particular body systems, their
therapeutic uses, and their chemical characteristics. For example, morphine can be
classified as a central nervous system depressant and a narcotic or opioid analgesic. A
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, central nervous system stimulant increases attention and raises mood. An anti-
inflammatory agent decreases inflammation at the site of tissue or joint inflammation.
An antihypertensive agent reduces blood pressure.
4. A patient is administered amoxicillin (Amoxil). The generic name of this medication
indicates that it belongs to which drug group?
A) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
B) Diuretics
C) Penicillins
D) ACE inhibitors
Ans: C
Feedback:
The generic name often indicates the drug group (e.g., drugs with generic names ending
in “cillin” are penicillins). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are medications that
have antidepressant effects; SSRI is a broad classification, not a generic name. Diuretics
are medications that increase urine output; diuretic is a broad classification, not a
generic name. ACE inhibitor is the broad classification for the angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitors, not the generic name.
5. The administration of diphenhydramine (Benadryl), which is an over-the-counter
medication, is regulated by which government agency?
A) Public Health Service
B) Federal Trade Commission
C) Occupational Safety and Health Administration
D) Food and Drug Administration
Ans: D
Feedback:
The Food and Drug Administration approves drugs for over-the-counter availability,
including the transfer of drugs from prescription to OTC status, and may require clinical
trials to determine the safety and effectiveness of OTC use. The Public Health Service is
regulated by the state to maintain the health of individual citizens of the state. The
Federal Trade Commission regulates imports and exports throughout the nation. The
Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates safety within the workplace.
6. The administration of anabolic steroids is regulated by which of the following laws?
A) The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
B) The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
C) The Harrison Narcotic Act
D) The Shirley Amendment
Ans: B
Feedback:
The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act regulates the manufacture
and distribution of narcotics, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and anabolic
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, steroids. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 revised and broadened FDA
powers and responsibilities, giving the FDA control over drug safety. The Harrison
Narcotic Act restricted the importation, manufacture, sale, and use of opium, cocaine,
marijuana, and other drugs that the act defined as narcotics. The Shirley Amendment of
1912 prohibited fraudulent claims of drug effectiveness.
7. A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled
substances on the nursing unit. This nursing action is regulated by which of the
following laws or agencies?
A) Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
B) Public Health Service
C) Drug Enforcement Administration
D) Shirley Amendment
Ans: C
Feedback:
The Drug Enforcement Administration enforces the Controlled Substances Act. Under
this enforcement, nurses are responsible for storing controlled substances in locked
containers, administering them only to the people for whom they are prescribed,
recording each dose given, and maintaining an accurate inventory. The Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act of 1938 revised and broadened FDA powers and responsibilities, giving
the FDA control over drug safety. The Public Health Service is regulated by the state to
maintain the health of individual citizens of the state. The Shirley Amendment of 1912
prohibited fraudulent claims of drug effectiveness.
8. In Phase I clinical trials, the potential uses and effects of a new drug are determined by
which of the following methods?
A) Administering doses to healthy volunteers
B) Administering doses to people with the disease
C) Administering in placebo-controlled design
D) Calculating the risk-to-benefit ratio
Ans: A
Feedback:
Phase I studies allow for the administration of the medication to healthy volunteers to
determine safe dosages, routes of administration, absorption, metabolism, excretion, and
toxicity. In Phase II studies, a few doses are given to a certain number of subjects with
the disease or symptom for which the drug is being studied and responses are compared
with those of healthy subjects. Placebo-controlled designs are used in the Phase III
studies, in which half of the subjects receive the new drug and half receive the placebo.
Calculating the risk-to-benefit ratio is used in Phase II studies to determine whether the
potential benefits of the drug outweigh the risks.
9. A new medication for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is being administered to a
group of subjects with the disease. The subjects receiving this medication are unaware
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