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In short, how cities have developed in Dutch. It's in English!
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Development of cities, A medieval city center (1000 - 1870)
A lot of the people in a medieval city were Christian, Christianity was also the ruling religion at the
medieval times. All the people believed that you could only go to heaven when the church let you, so
everyone in the medieval times believed in Christianity. By building a spectacular church in the
middle of the city, they could make clear that that city was Christian. The medieval churches had very
high ceilings and the walls were very tall.
The market place in a medieval city center was located right next to the
church in a big open space, the market place was especially for the richest.
The market place was the place where people could sell and buy goods.
Everyone could sell goods at the market, but they did have to pay for
having their booth there. The roads next to the market place were made
extra wide to allow people to come with their goods.
The city wall was made out of stones or out of water. By making the city wall so strong as possible, it
couldn’t be destroyed. The city wall has as function protection. But by building the city wall they
couldn’t really expand their city anymore, because when they wanted to expand the city, they needed
to break the city wall down or they needed to get rid of the water. Sometimes they did break the city
wall down, but they didn’t do it that often, because the city wall was a part of their history and it cost
a lot of money.
The houses of tradesmen in such a medieval city center were all a bit
tilted, so when they wanted to transport products into their house they
could let a rope descend from the window to lift up these products. All
the houses closer to the marketplace were from the rich people and the
houses closer to the city wall were used by the poor people. The walls
of these houses were made of wattle and daub.
Industrial revolution (1870 - 1920)
The city couldn’t really expand anymore, because of the city
wall. However, buildings kept being built, but eventually there
wasn’t any space left in the city center. Resulting that factories
and worker houses were built outside the city center. By
building these factories, people moved to the city for work,
improving the population of the city.
However, all these people also needed to live in houses, so
worker houses were built. Unfortunately, the wages of the
workers were so low that they could barely afford spending
money on rent and food, so if they already could rent a house,
it was very unsanitary and the rooms of these houses were
very small. Nevertheless, these rooms were often filled with
way too many people which could eventually lead up to
illnesses and sometimes to death.
Another two problems of the industrial cities were that the mechanization of agriculture rendered
people on farms less necessary which could lead up to farmers losing their job. The second problem
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