Med-Surg: Cardiovascular Review Questions

1. A client complains of crushing chest pain that radiates to his left arm. He should be presented with the following treatment: 1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine 2. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and codeine 3. Oxygen, nitroglycerin, meperidine, and thrombolytics 4. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroprusside, and morphine - Answer- Answer: 1. Aspirin, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and morphine 2. Which lifestyle changes should a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease consider? 1. Smoking cessation 2. Establishing a regular exercise routine 3. Weight reduction 4. All of the Above - Answer- Answer: 4. All of the Above 3. A client's cardiac monitor alarm sounds, indicating ventricular tachycardia. The nurse should: 1. perform immediate defibrillation. 2. Assess the client. 3. Call the physician. 4. Administer a precordial thump. - Answer- Answer: 2. Assess the client. 4. A complication of peripheral vascular disease may be: 1. stasis ulcer. 2. Pressure ulcer. 3. Gastric ulcer. 4. Duodenal ulcer. - Answer- Answer: 1. stasis ulcer. 5. A key diagnostic test for heart failure is: 1. serum potassium. 2. B-type natriuretic peptide. 3. Troponin I 4. cardiac enzymes. - Answer- Answer: 2. B-type natriuretic peptide. 6. While auscultating the heart sounds of a client with mitral insufficiency, the nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately after the S2. The nurse should document this extra heart sound as a: 1. S1. 2. S3. 3. S4. 4. mitral murmur. - Answer- Answer: 2. S3. Rationale: An S3, is heard following an S2. This indicates that the client is experiencing heart failure and results from increased filling pressures. An S1 is a normal heart sound made by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. An S4 is heard before S1 and is caused by resistance to ventricular filling. A murmur of mitral insufficiency occurs during s