TEST BANK for HDEV, 4th Canadian Edition by Spencer Rathus & Laura Berk_ISBN 9780176887735, 0176887733.
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Course
Institution
Cambridge University (CAM)
TABLE OF CONTENTS: Part One: Introduction Chapter 1: History, Theories, and Methods Chapter 2: Heredity and Prenatal Development Part Two: Birth and Infancy Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Baby: In the New World Chapter 4: Infancy: Physical Development Chapter 5: Infancy: Cognitive Development Cha...
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. John Locke said children begin life without natural predispositions.
a. True
b. False
2. Independent variables are manipulated by the experimenter.
a. True
b. False
3. Negative reinforcement will decrease a desired behaviour when removed.
a. True
b. False
4. Subjects rarely drop out of long-term longitudinal research.
a. True
b. False
5. A control group in an experiment receives the experimental treatment.
a. True
b. False
6. Surveys may be impacted by the interpretation of the person analyzing the results.
a. True
b. False
7. Researchers have found no difference between adolescent and adult performance on intellectual tasks.
a. True
b. False
8. Correlational studies prove causal relationships between variables.
a. True
b. False
9. Gender is considered an aspect of diversity.
a. True
b. False
10. John Watson, founder of American behaviourism, believed that children were born with all they needed to know
for life.
a. True
b. False
11. With accommodation, new schemas may be created.
a. True
b. False
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Chap 01_HDEV_4ce
12. According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, the chronosystem involves changes over time.
a. True
b. False
13. Dependent variables are measured results in an experiment.
a. True
b. False
14. Punishments such as slapping are considered less effective than types of discipline that provide alternative,
acceptable behaviours.
a. True
b. False
15. Teachers who follow Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory provide children with opportunities to experiment
with their environment.
a. True
b. False
16. Random assignment in an experiment reduces the likelihood that a selection factor determines the outcome.
a. True
b. False
17. John Locke’s conception of children (i.e., as a tabula rasa) was as passive recipients of actions from the
environment.
a. True
b. False
18. A child's peer group can be considered an exosystem.
a. True
b. False
19. Erikson's theory is completely dissimilar to Freud's.
a. True
b. False
20. Erikson’s psychosocial theory emphasizes the responsibility of the ego.
a. True
b. False
21. According to Freudian psychosexual theory, children develop significant sexual attachments to the same-sex
parent during the genital stage.
a. True
b. False
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Chap 01_HDEV_4ce
22. Longitudinal research studies the same individuals over time.
a. True
b. False
23. All people are born with the same capacities and same opportunities in life, making the study of diversity
irrelevant.
a. True
b. False
24. According to Freud, becoming “fixated” in a stage of psychosexual development is a result of receiving too little
or too much gratification during that stage.
a. True
b. False
25. Case studies involve large numbers of subjects each being studied at once.
a. True
b. False
26. Freud believed that insufficient or excessive gratification in a stage of development would lead to developmental
problems.
a. True
b. False
27. Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated that children were born inherently mischievous.
a. True
b. False
28. Experiments are used to test hypotheses.
a. True
b. False
29. Alfred Binet developed the first intelligence test to identify which children may fall behind in school.
a. True
b. False
30. Naturalistic observation can be used to study athletes from different sports.
a. True
b. False
31. According to ethologists, fixed action patterns are learned behaviours.
a. True
b. False
32. Researchers rarely concern themselves about ethical considerations when designing an experiment.
a. True
b. False
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