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PT 705 - Multiple Sclerosis Questions With Complete Solutions
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PT 705 - Multiple Sclerosis Questions WithComplete Solutions
What is muscle sclerosis? correct answer: autoimmune disease
of the CNS which causes the formation of lesions of sclerotic
tissues, or plaques, on the myelin sheath
What is the result of plaques in addition to axonal damage?
correct answer: slow or interrupt the transmissions of the neural
signal
How is the formation of plaques distributed? what does it cause?
correct answer: randomly through the CNS causing a clinical
presentation which can present vastly different from one patient
on another
What are the most common symptoms reported? correct answer:
- fatigue (88%)
- walking problems (87%)
- bowel/bladder dysfunction (65%)
- pain and sensory disturbance (60%)
- visual disturbance (58%)
- cognitive problems (44%)
- tremor/motor weakness (41%)
MS is typically classified into four different clinical courses:
correct answer: 1. relapsing/remitting
2. primary progressive
3. secondary progressive
4. progressive relapsing
,What is the most common pattern? correct answer: relapsing
remitting
Relapsing Remitting correct answer: clearly defined episodes of
acute worsening followed by periods of recovery and disease
stability
When can a PT achieve full achieve in pts with relapsing
remitting? correct answer: between relapses or exhibit residual
deficits
Primary Progressive correct answer: continuous worsening or
steady progression
What might be seen in pts with primary progressive? correct
answer: occasional plateaus or small improvements may be
seen or patient may experience a steady decline in disability
Secondary Progressive correct answer: relapsing/remitting
disease followed by progression
How is the progression phase in secondary progressive? correct
answer: may be continuous or marked with small plateaus
Progressive relapsing correct answer: progressive disease with
distinct relapses that may or may not resolve
Etiology correct answer: - the exact cause of MS is unknown
, What is the widely accepted main factor of MS? correct answer:
issue of auto-immunity
Has any specific antigen been identified? correct answer: non
against the myelin
- Recent research has identified:
• Immune cells involved in the attach against myelin
• Mechanism of activation of these cells
• Receptors on the immune cells which bind to the myelin
Is there an environmental influence? correct answer: theory:
influence of vitamin D insufficiency
• known increased incidence of MS in geographical areas further
from the equator
• known benefit of vitamin D for mediated immune responses
Is MS a viral infection? correct answer: some propose that the
abnormal immune response is triggered by a virus which causes
the MS process in a small number of individuals
What are the theories of viral infection? correct answer: Theory
1: the immune system mistakes myelin protein for the virus that
is structurally similar
Theory 2: small bits of myelin are released in circulation after
the virus causing auto-immunization
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