This summary will help you understand fully the endocrine system, as we know this system can be challenging for the most of medical students , so this will help you learn it in an effective way , that will stick to your mind for ever , as it follows a special technique of summarising
What is the Endocrine system? The Endocrine system is a system of glands that
produce and secrete hormones to regulate body
processes at every level.
How many hormones are there in the body? There are 50 hormones in the body.
How are hormones made in the body? Hormones are made by 12 different Endocrine
glands.
How do Endocrine glands secrete their hormones? Endocrine glands secrete their hormones directly
into the blood.
What is the function of hormones in the body? Hormones affect certain target tissues or organs
and regulate their activities.
How does the Endocrine system control and The Endocrine system sends hormones through the
coordinate body functions? Circulatory system to control and coordinate body
functions.
How does the Endocrine system work with the The Endocrine system and the Nervous system
Nervous system? work together to integrate in the brain and
complement each other.
What is the difference in speed between the Nerves respond within split-seconds but their action
Nervous system and the Endocrine system? soon fades, while some hormones have longer
lasting effects and act over hours, weeks, and
years.
What processes do hormones regulate in the body? Hormones regulate processes such as energy
uptake of a single cell to the whole body’s rate of
growth and development.
What are some processes regulated by hormones? The breakdown of chemical substances in
metabolism of what we eat and drink, fluid balance
and urine production, the body's growth and
development, and sexual reproduction.
What is the hypothalamus? The part of the brain that connects the nervous
system to the endocrine system and processes
signals from other brain regions and pathways to
translate them into hormones.
, What is the pituitary gland? The gland connected to the hypothalamus by the
infundibulum that stores some hormones for later
release and secretes its own hormones, which
control the other endocrine glands and regulate all
major internal functions.
What does the thymus gland produce? Progenitor cells that mature into T-cells
(thymus-derived cells) used by the body to help
destroy infected or cancerous cells.
What is the function of T-cells in the immune T-cells help destroy infected or cancerous cells and
system? help other organs in the immune system grow
properly.
What is the primary donor of cells for the lymphatic The Thymus gland is the primary donor of cells for
system? the lymphatic system.
What are the two structures that make up the The adrenal gland consists of an outer adrenal
adrenal gland? cortex and an inner adrenal medulla.
What hormone manages protein and glucose levels Cortisol manages protein and glucose levels in the
in the body? body.
What is the function of epinephrine and Epinephrine and nor-epinephrine promote
nor-epinephrine produced by the adrenal medulla? "fight-or-flight," the body's initial response to stress.
What is the function of epinephrine and They promote "fight-or-flight," the body's initial
nor-epinephrine produced by the adrenal medulla? response to stress.
Why is the left kidney located slightly higher than Due to the larger size of the liver on the right side of
the right kidney? the body.
What are the two main hormones produced by the Vitamin D and erythropoietin.
kidneys?
What is the function of vitamin D in the body? It stimulates the uptake of calcium from food, is
important for the maintenance of healthy bones,
and helps to regulate the response of the immune
system to infection.
What is erythropoietin, and when is it produced? It is a hormone produced when oxygen levels in the
blood are low, and it stimulates the production of
mature red blood cells and maintains healthy
oxygen levels in our tissues.
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