Medical Surgical Exam Complete Study Guide - NUR 242 Ms Exam - ( Nursing Med Surgical)
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Course
Nursing
Institution
Nursing
Medical Surgical Exam Complete Study Guide - NUR 242 Ms Exam - ( Nursing Med Surgical)
Medical Surgical Exam Complete Study Guide - NUR 242 Ms Exam - ( Nursing Med Surgical)
Medical Surgical Exam Complete Study Guide - NUR 242 Ms Exam - ( Nursing Med Surgical)
Medical Surgical Exam Complete Stud...
med surgical exam 3 complete study guide ( nursing 242
ms ) exam 3
Nursing Med Surgical )
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, lOMoARcPSD|6536636
Med Surgical Exam 3 Complete study -
NUR 242 MS Exam 3
Med Surg Exam 3 Streb PP Chapter 7
Chapter 54: Care of Patients with Esophageal Problems, pp. 1087-1092
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
• Risk factors include consumption of foods such as caffeine, alcohol, spicy or fried foods,
chocolate, and tomatoes. Lifestyle factors play a big part especially alcohol and smoking.
• The nursing assessment should include asking about a history of heartburn or atypical chest
pain associated with the reflux of GI contents. GERD manifest differently depending on the
patient and the severity of the disorder.
• Heartburn, dyspepsia, is the most common symptom and may be described as substernal
burning moving up and down the chest. Pain usually develops within 30-60 minutes after
meals. Severe heartburn pain can radiate to the neck, jaw, or back and patients may think
they are having an MI.
• GERD symptoms are exacerbated when lying down flat or bending over. Regurgitation
may lead to aspiration or bronchitis. These patients are at risk of aspirating when lying flat.
Symptoms of GERD include coughing or wheezing at night, dysphagia, belching and
nausea, hoarseness, and insomnia. Assess lungs for the presence of crackles.
Chapter 52: Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System, pp. 1092-1095
Hiatal Hernias (diaphragmatic hernias)
• A condition where a part of the stomach that normally is in the abdominal cavity protrudes
through the esophageal hiatus to rest within the chest cavity.
• Symptoms usually are worse after meals. These symptoms may be made worse when lying
flat and may resolve with sitting up or walking. Patient should immediately report
abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, and fever.
• Lifestyle changes may include elevating the head of the bed when sleeping to allow
gravity to prevent acid from refluxing into the esophagus and remaining upright after
meals.
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